2022-2023 University Catalog

May 21, 2024

2022-2023 University Catalog archived

Course Descriptions

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English
	ENGL 250 - Medieval and Early Modern British Literature FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: completion of FDR:FW requirement. This course is a survey of English literature from the Early Middle Ages to the Early Modern period. We read works in various genres–verse, drama, and prose–and understand their specific cultural and historical contexts. We also examine select modern film adaptations of canonical works as part of the evolving history of critical reception.
	ENGL 252 - Shakespeare MRST 252 FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: completion of FDR:FW requirement. Same as MRST 252. A study of the major genres of Shakespeare’s plays, employing analysis shaped by formal, historical, and performance-based questions. Emphasis is given to tracing how Shakespeare’s work engages early modern cultural concerns, such as the nature of political rule, gender, religion, and sexuality. A variety of skills are developed in order to assist students with interpretation, which may include verse analysis, study of early modern dramatic forms, performance workshops, two medium-length papers, reviews of live play productions, and a final, student-directed performance of a selected play.
	ENGL 253 - Literature of the American South FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: completion of FDR:FW requirement. A study of selected fiction, poetry, drama, and nonfiction by Southern writers in their historical and literary contexts. We practice multiple approaches to critical reading, and students develop their analytical writing skills in a series of short papers.
	ENGL 254 - I Heart Jane: Austen’s Fan Cultures and Afterlives FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: completion of FDR:FW requirement. In the 20th and 21st centuries, Jane Austen has attained a celebrity that far exceeds the recognition she enjoyed during her lifetime. The fan culture that now surrounds Austen, her spunky heroines, and her swoon-worthy heroes rivals that of Star Wars or Harry Potter. Austen enthusiasts meet for book club, wear Regency costumes, convene for tea, and throw balls with period-appropriate music and dance. All of this mooning over Mr. Darcy, however, could easily be the object of Austen’s own satire. Mercilessly lampooning silliness and frivolity, dear Jane” was more inveterate cynic than hopeless romantic. How, then, did Austen transform from biting social satirist to patron saint of chick lit? Beginning with three of Austen’s novels, and then turning to the fan cultures surrounding Pride and Prejudice, this course examines the nature of fandom, especially its propensity to change and adapt the very thing it celebrates. What does it mean to be a fan? Is there such a thing as an “original” or authorial meaning of a text? What do Austen’s fan cultures say about both the novels themselves and the society that appropriates them?”
	ENGL 257 - Business in American Literature and Film FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: completion of FDR:FW requirement. In his 1776 book The Wealth of Nations, Adam Smith tells a powerful story of the free market as a way to organize our political and economic lives, a story that has governed much of the world ever since. This course studies that story, considers alternate stories of human economic organization, such as those of American Indian tribes, and sees how these stories have been acted out in American business and society, including for some African-American writers. We study novels, films, short stories, non-fiction essays, poems, advertisements, websites, some big corporations, and some local businesses. Our goal is to analyze the strengths and weaknesses of American business so we can make the best choices about how to live and work in a free market society.
	ENGL 258 - Literature and Film of the American West FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: completion of FDR:FW requirement. The American West is a land of striking landscapes, beautiful places to visit such as Yellowstone and Yosemite, and stories that have had a huge impact on the USA and the world, such as Lewis and Clark, the Oregon Trail, and Buffalo Bill’s Wild West Show. This course studies some of these Western places, stories, art works, and movies. What has made them so appealing? How have they been used? We study works by authors such as John Steinbeck, Willa Cather, N. Scott Momaday, Leslie Marmon Silko, and Cormac McCarthy, plus movies such as Shane; The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly; The Searchers; and Dances With Wolves to see how Western stories have played out and what is happening now in these contested spaces.
	ENGL 259 - Enslavement and Abolition in British Literature 1688-1831 FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: WRIT 100. This course considers representations of and responses to enslavement and the slave trade in British literature from 1688 to 1831. We read a wide variety of texts, including Aphra Behn’s Oroonoko, Olaudah Equiano’s Interesting Narrative, The Woman of Color (anonymous}, Jane Austen’s Mansfield Park, and Mary Prince’s The History of Mary Prince, alongside Parliamentary debates, abolitionist tracts, and other contemporary accounts. Other topics may include emerging racial theories in the eighteenth century, British colonialism in the Caribbean, twenty-first-century approaches to the archive, and the legacy of these conversations in more recent literature, such as Yaa Gyasi’s Homegoing.
	ENGL 260 - Literary Approaches to Poverty FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: completion of FDR:FW requirement. Examines literary responses to the experience of poverty, imaginative representations of human life in straitened circumstances, and arguments about the causes and consequences of poverty that appear in literature. Critical consideration of dominant paradigms (the country and the city,” “the deserving poor,” “the two nations,” “from rags to riches,” “the fallen woman,” “the abyss”) augments reading based in cultural contexts. Historical focus will vary according to professor’s areas of interest and expertise.”
	ENGL 262 - Literature, Race, and Ethnicity FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3-4 Prerequisite: completion of FDR:FW requirement. A course that uses ethnicity, race, and culture to develop readings of literature. Politics and history play a large role in this critical approach; students should be prepared to explore their own ethnic awareness as it intersects with other, often conflicting, perspectives. Focus will vary with the professor’s interests and expertise, but may include one or more literatures of the English-speaking world: Chicano and Latino, Native American, African-American, Asian-American, Caribbean, African, sub-continental (India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka), and others.
	ENGL 263 - Nature as Self: Environmental Literature in the Anthropocene (ENV 263) FDR: HL Experiential Learning (EXP): EXP Credits: 3 This course will study American fascinations with ideas of “Nature” and “Self” as they manifest in contemporary literature and thought. We will discuss the implications of these categories for humans as members of ecosystems as well as of “advanced societies”. We will read essays, novels, and poetry at the cutting edge of American environmental writing, as well as those who contribute to its historical path. We will test our own understandings of human roles in relation to the greater-than-human world, and will consider implications that these understandings may carry for the individual life as well as for a globalized world in which ecological issues are of great concern.
	ENGL 264 - The Body Electric: Queer Theory, Film, and Text (WGSS 264) FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: completion of FDR:FW requirement. Queerness is inextricable from visual and textual representation as production and as reception. This course is an introduction to the nexus of queer theory, film, and text. We will analyze and interpret select films, as well as literary works that serve as inspirations behind cinematic adaptations, through methodologies grounded in LGBTQI2+ studies. We will also situate films, texts, and theories in history and queer the visual and textual archives. Our itinerary is organized around a set of critical keywords: closet, innocence, friendship, villain, tragedian, nature, body, horror, identity, history, camp, filth, nurture, Orient, fetish, desire, wound, death, love, sex, family, meet cute, and futurity.
	ENGL 266 - Introduction to African American Literature FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: WRIT 100. Same as AFCA 266. This course offers an introduction to African American literature from the 1700s to the present. We will ground our inquiry across these centuries by attending to the role writing has played in the fight for freedom, in different ways of thinking about Blackness, in redefining citizenship, in evolving stylistic conventions, in responding to the political needs of the moment, in (re)writing gender expectations, and in an ever-changing landscape of American literary history. Potential writers include: Phyllis Wheatley Peters, David Walker, Frederick Douglass, Harriet Jacobs, James McCune Smith, W.E.B. Du Bois, Nella Larsen, Zora Neale Hurston, Angelina Weld Grimke, Charles Chesnutt, Chester Himes, Ralph Ellison, James Baldwin, Amiri Baraka, Audre Lorde, Octavia Butler, and Toni Morrison.
	ENGL 270 - Individual Novel FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 An intensive study of a single novel of significant length and global repute. Students will undertake an in-depth study of the text and its relevant social, political, cultural, and theoretical contexts. The primary goal of this class is to appreciate the many aspects of novel reading in the contemporary era, particularly with regard to relevant social issues, issues of representation, artistic license, and the publishing industry.
	ENGL 285 - Reading Lolita in Lexington FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: completion of FDR:FW requirement. This course uses Azar Nafisi’s memoir, Reading Lolita in Tehran , as a lens for studying three novels, The Great Gatsby , Lolita and Pride and Prejudice . We learn how students in the Islamic Republic of Iran have responded to these novels, and how the works’ major themes have played out in Nafisi’s life, and the lives of young Iranian women. Excerpts from Geraldine Brooks’ Nine Parts of Desire help to illuminate the lives of Muslim women, and complement our study of Islam and the history of Iran. Students conduct a journalistic survey of attitudes toward Islam and Iran in the Washington and Lee community, in addition to writing a final paper on the course texts.
	ENGL 286 - Black Writers and the Allure of Paris AFCA 286 Experiential Learning (EXP): Yes Credits: 4 Same as AFCA 286. During two weeks on campus and two in Paris, students are immersed in the literary works of African American writers of the Harlem Renaissance through the mid-20th century, reading work by writers like Jessie Fauset, Gwendolyn Bennett, Claude McKay, Langston Hughes, James Baldwin, Richard Wright, and Chester Himes. In preparation for traveling to Paris, the site that represented new and promising possibilities for cultural exploration and artistic inspiration, we study how these literary texts examine the modern reality of racial identity. We also assess the significance of Paris as a site of cultural production and as a site of representation for early- to mid-20th century African American writers.
	ENGL 289 - Literary Book Publishing FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: ENGL 201, ENGL 202, ENGL 203, ENGL 204, ENGL 206, ENGL 210, ENGL 215, ENGL 306, ENGL 308, ENGL 309, or ENGL 391. This course is an introduction to the publishing industry, its culture and commerce. We examine the history of the industry and how it operates today, with an emphasis on active learning and practice. This class consists, in part, of active discussions with industry professionals, studying the life of a single book: its author, its agent, its editor, its book designer, its publisher. It gives you an overview of how the publishing industry works through the eyes of the people who work in it. It also gives you a chance to put what you learn into practice. Using a book you’re working on (or a theoretical book you may someday write), you compose a query letter, design a book jacket, and create marketing material in support of your project. The term culminates with a book auction where students form publishing teams and bid on the books they would most like to publish.
	ENGL 290 - Having it All: Life, Literature and Career FDR: HL Literature Distribution Experiential Learning (EXP): Yes Credits: 3 Prerequisite: WRIT 100. Are you considering an English (or Arts and Humanities) major but unsure of how it will help you find a job? Are you intrigued by how contemporary authors write about becoming adults, finding happiness, or growing up in a certain time, place or body? Are you hoping to pursue what you love as opposed (or in addition) to what will lead to a high salary? Through memoirs, personal essays and coming of age novels, along with studies of the value of the liberal arts, this class explores ways in which college students can have it all. We look at literature to understand how authors make sense of personal experience and fulfillment, and we apply the findings of happiness studies to career design and exploration. Self-reflective exercises and brainstorming build students’ sense of what they enjoy spending time on, and this guides their investigation of potential career paths. Along with introducing students to alumni working in a variety of industries, this class teaches practical skills for job searches: resume design, online profiles, networking, interviewing, searching and applying for positions, or pursuing post-graduate opportunities.
	ENGL 291 - Seminar FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 May be repeated for degree credit if the topics are different. Prerequisite: completion of FDR:FW requirement. This course studies a group of works related by theme, by culture, by topic, by genre, or by the critical approach taken to the works. Some recent topics have been the Southern Short Story; Gender and Passion in the 19th-Century Novel; Chivalry, Honor, and the Romance; and Appalachian Literature.
	ENGL 292 - Topics in British Literature FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 May be repeated for degree credit and for the major if the topics are different. Prerequisite: completion of FDR:FW requirement. British literature, supported by attention to historical and cultural contexts. Versions of this course may survey several periods or concentrate on a group of works from a short span of time or focus on a cultural phenomenon. Students develop their analytical writing skills through both short papers and a final multisource research paper.
	ENGL 293 - Topics in American Literature FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3-4 May be repeated for degree credit if the topics are different. Prerequisite: completion of FDR:FW requirement. Studies in American literature, supported by attention to historical contexts. Versions of this course may survey several periods or concentrate on a group of works from a short span of time. Students develop their analytical writing skills in a series of short papers.
	ENGL 294 - Topics in World Literature in English FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3-4 May be repeated for degree credit and for the major if the topics are different. Prerequisite: completion of FDR:FW requirement. World literature, taught in English, supported by attention to historical and cultural contexts. Versions of this course may survey several periods or concentrate on a group of works from a short span of time or focus on a cultural phenomenon. Students develop their analytical writing skills through both short papers and a final multisource research paper.
	ENGL 295 - Spring-Term Seminar in Literary Studies FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3-4 May be repeated for degree credit if the topics are different. Prerequisite: completion of FDR:FW requirement. Students in this course study a group of works related by theme, by culture, by topic, by genre, or by the critical approach taken to the texts. Involves field trips, film screenings, service learning, and/or other special projects, as appropriate, in addition to 8-10 hours per week of class meetings.
	ENGL 296 - Topics in Law and Literature FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: WRIT 100. A topical seminar in law and literature for students at the introductory or intermediate level. Topic is announced prior to registration. May be repeated for degree credit if the topics are different. Satisfies requirements for creative writing or law, justice, and society minors and English major. May satisfy requirements in Africana studies or classics, when the topic is appropriate.
	ENGL 299 - Seminar for Prospective Majors FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: completion of FDR:FW requirement and an English course numbered between 201 and 295. A study of a topic in literature issuing in a research process and sustained critical writing. Some recent topics have been Detective Fiction; American Indian Literatures; Revenge; and David Thoreau and American Transcendentalism.
	ENGL 304 - Literary Book Publishing FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: ENGL 201, ENGL 202, ENGL 203, ENGL 204, ENGL 206, ENGL 210, ENGL 215, ENGL 306, ENGL 308, ENGL 309, or ENGL 391. This course is an introduction to the publishing industry, its culture and commerce. We examine the history of the industry and how it operates today, with an emphasis on active learning and practice. This class consists, in part, of active discussions with industry professionals, studying the life of a single book: its author, its agent, its editor, its book designer, its publisher. It gives you an overview of how the publishing industry works through the eyes of the people who work in it. It also gives you a chance to put what you learn into practice. Using a book you’re working on (or a theoretical book you may someday write), you compose a query letter, design a book jacket, and create marketing material in support of your project. The term culminates with a book auction where students form publishing teams and bid on the books they would most like to publish.
	ENGL 306 - Advanced Creative Writing: Poetry FDR: HA Fine Arts Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: ENGL 201, ENGL 202, ENGL 203, ENGL 204, ENGL 206, ENGL 210, ENGL 215, ENGL 306, ENGL 308, ENGL 309, or ENGL 391. A workshop in writing poems, requiring regular writing and outside reading.
	ENGL 308 - Advanced Creative Writing: Fiction FDR: HA Fine Arts Distribution Credits: 3-4 ENGL 203 recommended. Students who do not meet the requisite may submit a fiction writing sample for possible instructor consent. Prerequisite: ENGL 201, ENGL 202, ENGL 203, ENGL 204, ENGL 206, ENGL 210, ENGL 215, ENGL 306, ENGL 308, ENGL 309, or ENGL 391. A workshop in writing fiction, requiring regular writing and outside reading.
	ENGL 309 - Advanced Creative Writing: Memoir FDR: HA Fine Arts Distribution Credits: 3-4 Prerequisite: instructor consent. Flannery O’Connor once said that any writer who could survive childhood had enough material to write about for a lifetime. Memoir is a mosaic form, utilizing bits and pieces from autobiography, fiction, essay and poetry in ways that allow the author to muse (speculate, imagine, remember, and question) on their own life experiences. Modern literary memoir requires tremendous work from the author, as she moves both backward and forward in time, re-creates believable dialogue, switches back and forth between scene and summary, and controls the pace and tension of the story with lyricism or brute imagery. In short, the memoirist keeps her reader engaged by being an adept and agile storyteller. This is not straight autobiography. Memoir is more about what can be gleaned from a section of one’s life than about chronicling an entire life. Like a mosaic, memoir is about the individual pieces as much as the eventual whole. Work focuses on reading established memoirists, free writing, and workshopping in and out of class.
	ENGL 312 - Gender, Love, and Marriage in the Middle Ages FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 No prior knowledge of medieval languages necessary. Prerequisite: an English course numbered between 201 and 295 and another English course numbered between 222 and 299. A study of the complex nexus of gender, love, and marriage in medieval legal, theological, political, and cultural discourses. Reading an eclectic range of texts–such as romance, hagiography, fabliau, (auto)biography, conduct literature, and drama–we consider questions of desire, masculinity, femininity, and agency, as well as the production and maintenance of gender roles and of emotional bonds within medieval conjugality. Authors include Chaucer, Chretien de Troyes, Heldris of Cornwall, Andreas Capellanus, Margery Kempe, and Christine de Pisan. Readings in Middle English or in translation.
	ENGL 313 - Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: an English course numbered between 201 and 295 and another English course numbered between 222 and 299. This course considers the primary work on which Chaucer’s reputation rests: The Canterbury Tales . We pay sustained attention to Chaucer’s Middle English at the beginning of the semester to ease the reading process. Then we travel alongside the Canterbury pilgrims as they tell their tales under the guise of a friendly competition. The Canterbury Tales is frequently read as a commentary on the social divisions in late medieval England, such as the traditional estates, religious professionals and laity, and gender hierarchies. But despite the Tales’ professed inclusiveness of the whole of English society, Chaucer nonetheless focuses inordinately on those individuals from the emerging middle classes. Our aim is to approach the Tales from the practices of historicization and theorization; that is, we both examine Chaucer’s cultural and historical contexts and consider issues of religion, gender, sexuality, marriage, conduct, class, chivalry, courtly love, community, geography, history, power, spirituality, secularism, traditional authority, and individual experience. Of particular importance are questions of voicing and writing, authorship and readership. Lastly, we think through Chaucer’s famous Retraction at the end” of The Canterbury Tales , as well as Donald R. Howard’s trenchant observation that the Tale is “unfinished but complete.” What does it mean for the father of literary “Englishness” to end his life’s work on the poetic principle of unfulfilled closure and on the image of a society on the move?”
	ENGL 316 - The Tudors FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: an English course numbered between 201 and 295 and another English course numbered between 222 and 299. Famous for his mistresses and marriages, his fickle treatment of courtiers, and his vaunting ambition, Henry VIII did more to change English society and religion than any other king. No one understood Henry’s power more carefully than his daughter Elizabeth, who oversaw England’s first spy network and jealously guarded her throne from rebel contenders. This course studies the writers who worked for the legendary Tudors, focusing on the love poetry of courtiers, trials, and persecution of religious dissidents, plays, and accounts of exploration to the new world. We trace how the ambitions of the monarch, along with religious revolution and colonial expansion, figure in the work of writers like Wyatt, Surrey, and Anne Askew; Spenser, Marlowe, Shakespeare, and Southwell; and Thomas More and Walter Ralegh.
	ENGL 319 - Shakespeare and Company FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: an English course numbered between 201 and 295 and another English course numbered between 222 and 299. Focusing on the repertory and working conditions of the two play companies with which he was centrally involved, this course examines plays by Shakespeare and several of his contemporary collaborators and colleagues (Jonson, Middleton, Fletcher). Attentive to stage history and the evolution of dramatic texts within print culture, students consider the degree to which Shakespeare was both a representative and an exceptional player in Renaissance London’s show business.
	ENGL 320 - Shakespearean Genres FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: an English course numbered between 201 and 295 and another English course numbered between 222 and 299. In a given term, this course focuses on one or two of the major genres explored by Shakespeare (e.g., histories, tragedies, comedies, tragicomedies/romances, lyric and narrative poetry), in light of Renaissance literary conventions and recent theoretical approaches. Students consider the ways in which Shakespeare’s generic experiments are variably inflected by gender, by political considerations, by habitat, and by history.
	ENGL 326 - 17th-Century Poetry FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: an English course numbered between 201 and 295 and another English course numbered between 222 and 299. Readings of lyric and epic poetry spanning the long 16th century, and tracing the development of republican and cavalier literary modes. Genres include the metaphysical poetry of Donne, Herbert, Katherine Philips, and Henry Vaughan; erotic verse by Mary Wroth, Herrick, Thomas Carew, Marvell, Aphra Behn, and the Earl of Rochester; elegy by Jonson and Bradstreet; and epic by Milton.
	ENGL 330 - Milton FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: an English course numbered between 201 and 295 and another English course numbered between 222 and 299. This course surveys one of the most talented and probing authors of the English language – a man whose reading knowledge and poetic output has never been matched, and whose work has influenced a host of writers after him, including Alexander Pope, William Blake, William Wordsworth, and Mary Shelley. In this course, we read selections from Milton’s literary corpus, drawing from such diverse genres as lyric, drama, epic and prose polemic. As part of their study of epic form, students create a digital humanities project rendering Paradise Los t in gaming context. Quests, heroes, ethical choices and exploration of new worlds in Paradise Lost are rendered as a game. Students read Milton in the context of literary criticism and place him within his historical milieu, not the least of which includes England’s dizzying series of political metamorphoses from Monarchy to Commonwealth, Commonwealth to Protectorate, and Protectorate back to Monarchy.
	ENGL 335 - 18th-Century Novels FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: an English course numbered between 201 and 295 and another English course numbered between 222 and 299. A study of prose fiction up to about 1800, focusing on the 18th-century literary and social developments that have been called the rise of the novel. Authors likely include Behn, Haywood, Defoe, Richardson, Fielding, Sterne, Burney, and/or Austen.
	ENGL 345 - Studies in the 19th-Century British Novel FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: an English course numbered between 201 and 295 and another English course numbered between 222 and 299. Novels and topics vary from year to year depending upon the interests of the instructor and of the students (who are encouraged to express their views early in the preceding semester). Authors range from Austen and Scott through such high Victorians as Dickens, Gaskell, Eliot, and Trollope to late figures such as Hardy, Bennett, and James. Possible topics include the multiplot novel, women novelists, industrial and country house novels, mysteries and gothics, and the bildungsroman .
	ENGL 346 - Early African American Print Culture FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: an English course numbered between 201 and 295 and another English course numbered between 222 and 299. Same as AFCA 346.
	ENGL 349 - Middlemarch and Devoted Readers FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 4 Prerequisite: an English course numbered between 201 and 295 and another English course numbered between 222 and 299. This seminar begins with and centers upon George Eliot’s Middlemarch , a novel often regarded as one of the greatest and most ambitious produced in the era of the novel’s securest cultural dominance and famously described by Virginia Woolf as one of the few English novels written for grown-up people. It then problematizes this encounter by setting it in light of Rebecca’s Mead’s critically-acclaimed My Life in Middlemarch , a memoir of her devoted lifelong reading and reading of it, not just for pleasure but for its profound wisdom and insight. The question of such intense admiration verging on fandom is one that has received increasing scholarly attention, particularly in relation to the so-called Janeite phenomenon, that is, the love of Jane Austen fans for her novels, but extends to numerous other novelists, poets, playwrights, fun-makers, and their fans. Students supplement this focus of the course by researching and presenting their own exemplary case studies of such readerly devotion, obsession, or fandom.
	ENGL 353 - 20th-Century British and Irish Poetry FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: an English course numbered between 201 and 295 and another English course numbered between 222 and 299. Selected readings in British poetry from the turn of the century to the present, including the English tradition, international modernism, Irish, and other Commonwealth poetry. We will examine how many poets handle inherited forms, negotiate the world wars, and express identity amid changing definitions of gender and nation.
	ENGL 354 - Contemporary British and American Drama FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: an English course numbered between 201 and 295 and another English course numbered between 222 and 299. This course examines both the masterpieces and undiscovered gems of English language theater from Samuel Beckett to the present. The course investigates contemporary movements away from naturalism and realism towards the fantastical, surreal, and spectacular. Student presentations, film screenings, and brief performance exercises supplement literary analysis of the plays, though no prior drama experience is presumed.
	ENGL 356 - Whitman vs Dickinson FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: an English course numbered between 201 and 295 and another English course numbered between 222 and 299. In this seminar, students read two wild and wildly different U.S. poets alongside queer theory about temporality. Since we are discussing queerness in the past, present, and future, we will also consider 2lst-century reception of 19th-century literature and history, and students will participate in a Nineteenth-Century Poetry Slam.
	ENGL 359 - Literature by Women of Color FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: an English course numbered between 201 and 295 and another English course numbered between 222 and 299. This course focuses on the intersection of race and gender as they meet in the lives and identities of contemporary women of color via literature: African-Americans, Native Americans, Chicanas, Asian-Americans, and mixed bloods, or ‘mestizas.’ Our readings, discussions and writings focus on the work that coming to voice does for women of color, and for our larger society and world. Students read a variety of poetry, fiction, and autobiography in order to explore some of the issues most important to and about women of color: identity, histories, diversity, resistance and celebration. Literary analyses-i.e., close readings, explications and interpretations-are key strategies for understanding these readings.
	ENGL 361 - Native American Literatures FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: an English course numbered between 201 and 295 and another English course numbered between 222 and 299. A study of American Indian literature, primarily from the 20th century but including some historical and prehistorical foundations (oral storytelling, early orations and essays). Texts and topics may vary, but this course poses questions about nation, identity, indigenous sovereignty, mythology and history, and the powers of story as both resistance and regeneration. Readings in poetry, fiction, memoir, and nonfiction prose. Authors may include Alexie, Harjo, Hogan, Erdrich, Silko, Chrystos, Ortiz, LeAnne Howe and Paula Gunn Allen.
	ENGL 363 - American Poetry from 1900 to 1945 FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: an English course numbered between 201 and 295 and another English course numbered between 222 and 299. A consideration of American poetry from the first half of the 20th century, including modernism, the Harlem Renaissance, and popular poetry. Students will investigate the interplay of tradition and experiment in a period defined by expatriatism, female suffrage, and the growing power of urban culture.
	ENGL 364 - American Poetry at Mid-Century FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: an English course numbered between 201 and 295 and another English course numbered between 222 and 299. Readings from the middle generation of 20th century U.S. poets with attention to the Beats, the New York School, Black Arts, and many other movements. Writers may include Elizabeth Bishop, Gwendolyn Brooks, Allen Ginsberg, Sylvia Plath, Robert Hayden, and others.
	ENGL 366 - African-American Literature FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: an English course numbered between 201 and 295 and another English course numbered between 222 and 299. A focused engagement with the African-American literary tradition, from its beginnings in the late 18th century through its powerful assertions in the 21st. The focus of each term’s offering may vary; different versions of the course might emphasize a genre, author, or period such as poetry, Ralph Ellison, or the Harlem Renaissance.
	ENGL 367 - 19th-Century American Novel FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: an English course numbered between 201 and 295 and another English course numbered between 222 and 299. A reading of major American novelists, focusing especially on Poe, Melville, and Hawthorne. We also consider the relationship between the novel and punishment, especially in the works of Harriet Beecher Stowe, George Lippard, and William Wells Brown. Additionally, we read fictions during the second half of the century by Twain, Chopin, and Chesnutt.
	ENGL 369 - Late 20th-Century North American Fiction FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: an English course numbered between 201 and 295 and another English course numbered between 222 and 299. An exploration of fiction since World War II. Authors may include Wright, O’Connor, Highsmith, Nabokov, Capote, Pynchon, Silko, Atwood, and Morrison.
	ENGL 370 - Contemporary North American Fiction Credits: 3 Prerequisite: an English course numbered between 201 and 295 and another English course numbered between 222 and 299. A study of 21st-century novels and short stories by North American authors. The course examines the recent movement of literary fiction into traditional pulp genres. Authors may include: Chabon, Atwood, Allende, Alexie, Butler, McCarthy, Diaz, Whitehead, Link, Fowler, and Grossman.
	ENGL 374 - King and Kubrick FDR: HL Credits: 3 Prerequisite: Prerequisite: Take one English course between 201 and 295, and one between 222 and 299. This course explores and juxtaposes the novels, films, epic ambitions, dark visions, and cultural rivalry of two of the most popular, influential, and original narrative artists of 20th- and 21st-century America. We survey all of Kubrick’s 13 feature films, more closely engage with several of the most important, and highlight a small but representative selection of King’s vast oeuvre, emphasizing King’s literary and cultural ambitions more than his practice as a master of horror. At the center stand King’s and Kubrick’s versions of The Shining and the angry reaction of King to Kubrick’s cold, dark, even post-human adaptation of the far more ethical and humane novel. This rivalry and argument becomes the lens through which this course takes up the larger debate over the modernist and postmodernist cultural ranking of works and authors into categories such ”masscult” and “midcult” or “highbrow,” “middlebrow,” and “lowbrow.”
	ENGL 375 - Literary Theory FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: an English course numbered between 201 and 295 and another English course numbered between 222 and 299. A survey of major schools of literary theory including New Criticism, Formalism, Structuralism, Post-structuralism, Marxism, Psychoanalysis, Cultural Studies, New Historicism, Postcolonial and Native Studies, Feminisms, Queer Studies, Ecocriticism, and New Media. In addition to close reading, we examine alternative methods such as surface reading, flat reading, paranoid reading, and reparative reading. The final paper is tailored to individual student’s interests. According to student interests, we also discuss preparations for graduate programs and explore the genres of thesis and grant proposals.
	ENGL 376 - Postcolonial Literature and Theory FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: an English course numbered between 201 and 295 and another English course numbered between 222 and 299. This course is an introduction to some of the key concepts and debates in postcolonial theory, with an emphasis on anti-colonial literature and thought. The course poses three main questions that have shaped the field as we know it: 1. When and where is the “postcolonial”? 2. What relationship is there, if any, between the postcolonial and the anti-colonial? And 3. Does the “post-” in “postcolonial” indicate any sort of futurity, and if so, what do these futures look like? These broad concepts about temporality, revolution and futurity are grounded in the study of key theoretical texts, including the works of Frantz Fanon and Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak, and in novels and poems, including those by Jamaica Kincaid and Suzanne Cesaire.
	ENGL 382 - Hotel Orient FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: an English course numbered between 201 and 295 and another English course numbered between 222 and 299. This seminar charts the historical encounters between East and West through the very spaces that facilitate cross-cultural transactions from the medieval to the postmodern. If modern hotel consciousness is marked by transience, ennui, eroticism, and isolation, we ask whether or not the same characteristics held true in premodern hotel practices, and if the space of the Orient makes a difference in hotel writing. Semantically, Orient means not only the geographic east. As a verb, to orient means to position and ascertain one’s bearings. In this sense, to write about lodging in the East is to sort out one’s cultural and geopolitical orientation.
	ENGL 386 - Supervised Study in Great Britain FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 4 Prerequisite: instructor consent. An advanced seminar in British literature carried on in Great Britain, with emphasis on independent research and intensive exposure to British culture. Changing topics, rotated yearly from instructor to instructor, and limited in scope to permit study in depth.
	ENGL 391 - Topics in Creative Writing FDR: HA Fine Arts Distribution Credits: 3 May be repeated for degree credit if the topics are different. Previous workshop experience recommended. Students who have successfully completed ENGL 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, or 207 should inform the department's administrative assistant, who will grant them permission to enroll; otherwise a writing sample will be required. Prerequisite: instructor consent. An advanced workshop in creative writing. Genres and topics will vary, but all versions involve intensive reading and writing.
	ENGL 392 - Topics in Literature in English before 1700 FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3-4 May be repeated for degree credit if the topics are different. Prerequisite: an English course numbered between 201 and 295 and another English course numbered between 222 and 299. A seminar course on literature written in English before 1700 with special emphasis on research and discussion. Student suggestions for topics are welcome
	ENGL 393 - Topics in Literature in English from 1700-1900 FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3-4 May be repeated for degree credit if the topics are different. Prerequisite: an English course numbered between 201 and 295 and another English course numbered between 222 and 299. A seminar course on literature written in English from 1700 to 1900 with special emphasis on research and discussion. Student suggestions for topics are welcome.
	ENGL 394 - Topics in Literature in English since 1900 FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3-4 May be repeated for degree credit if the topics are different. Prerequisite: an English course numbered between 201 and 295 and another English course numbered between 222 and 299. A seminar course on literature written in English since 1900 with special emphasis on research and discussion. Student suggestions for topics are welcome.
	ENGL 395 - Topics in Literature in English in Counter Traditions FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3-4 May be repeated for degree credit if the topics are different. Prerequisite: an English course numbered between 201 and 295 and another English course numbered between 222 and 299. A seminar course on literature written in English in an area of counter traditions” with special emphasis on research and discussion. Student suggestions for topics are welcome.
	ENGL 401 - Directed Individual Study Credits: 1 Prerequisite: instructor consent. Directed study individually arranged and supervised.
	ENGL 403 - Directed Individual Study Credits: 3 May be repeated for degree credit if the topics are different. Prerequisite: instructor consent. A course designed for special students who wish to continue a line of study begun in an earlier advanced course. Their applications approved by the department and accepted by their proposed directors, the students may embark upon directed independent study which must culminate in acceptable papers.
	ENGL 413 - Senior Research and Writing Credits: 3 Prerequisite: instructor consent. A collaborative group research and writing project for senior majors, conducted in supervising faculty members’ areas of expertise, with directed independent study culminating in a substantial final project. Possible topics include ecocriticism, literature and psychology, material conditions of authorship, and documentary poetics.
	ENGL 431 - Master Class in Creative Writing Experiential Learning (EXP): Yes Credits: 1 May be repeated for degree credit if the topics are different. Glasgow Writer in Residence. A 5-7 page writing sample in the relevant genre to Professor Lesley Wheeler for consideration is also required. Prerequisite: ENGL 201, ENGL 202, ENGL 203, ENGL 204, ENGL 206, ENGL 210, ENGL 215, ENGL 306, ENGL 308, ENGL 309, or ENGL 391. An advanced workshop taught by the Glasgow Writer in Residence. The genre varies, but the course includes readings, workshops, and individual conferencing.
	ENGL 453 - Internship in Literary Editing with Shenandoah Experiential Learning (EXP): Yes Credits: 3 May be applied once to the English major or Creative Writing minor and repeated for a maximum of six additional elective credits, as long as the specific projects undertaken are different. Interested students should email Professor Staples (bstaples@wlu.edu) with information about their previous coursework and interests in editing, publishing, and contemporary literature. Prerequisite: ENGL 201, ENGL 202, ENGL 203, ENGL 204, ENGL 206, ENGL 207, ENGL 210, ENGL 214, or ENGL 215. An apprenticeship in editing with the editor of Shenandoah, Washington and Lee’s literary magazine. Students are instructed in and assist in these facets of the editor’s work: evaluation of manuscripts of fiction, creative nonfiction, poetry, comics, and translations; substantive editing of manuscripts, copyediting; communicating with writers; social media; website maintenance; the design of promotional material.
	ENGL 493 - Honors Thesis Credits: 3 Prerequisite: instructor consent. A summary of prerequisites and requirements may be obtained at the English Department website (english.wlu.edu ).
Environmental Studies
	ENV 110 - Introduction to Environmental Studies Credits: 3 Prerequisite: first-year or sophomore class standing. An interdisciplinary introduction to environmental studies with an emphasis on how societies organize themselves through their social, political and economic institutions to respond to environmental problems. The course begins with a discussion of the development of environmental thought, focusing on the relationship between humans and the environment. Participants then discuss alternative criteria for environmental decision making, including sustainability, equity, ecological integrity, economic efficiency, and environmental justice. The course concludes with an examination of contemporary environmental issues, including global warming, invasive species, energy and the environment, tropical deforestation, and the relationship between the environment and economic development in developing countries.
	ENV 120 - Environmental Systems, W&L Campus, and LEED Credits: 1 This course provides a large systems context for the LEED lab Spring Term course (ENV 220) but is not a prerequisite. How does our campus’ built environment interleave with larger systems issues such as climate change, environmental degradation, and sustainability? This course examines these larger systems issues in our local context. Campus grounds and specific buildings are explored for environmental and social impacts with mitigation options considered. Students become conversant in the U.S. Green Building Council Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) rating systems, and investigate how W&L could minimize adverse impact on the environment and maximize credits within a LEED Campus master site framework.
	ENV 180 - FS: First-Year Seminar Credits: 3-4 Topics, applicabililty to FDRs, and other requirements vary by term. Limited to 15 students, these seminars are reading- and discussion-based with an emphasis on papers, projects, studio work, or hands-on field experience rather than exams. Prerequisite: first-year student class standing. First-year seminar.
	ENV 201 - Applied Environmental Science FDR: SC Science, Math, CS Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: ENV 110 and environmental studies major or minor. A foundation in the natural sciences for environmental studies students, this course introduces foundational concepts in earth ecological sciences and their application in understanding human-environment relationships. Local, regional, and global environmental case studies are considered.
	ENV 202 - Society and Natural Resources FDR: SS1 Social Science - Group 1 Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: ENV 110 and environmental studies major or minor. A foundation in the natural sciences for environmental studies students, this course emphasizes understanding how socio-economic conditions are studied to inform and shape environmental policy. Local, regional, and global environmental case studies are considered.
	ENV 203 - Environmental Humanities FDR: HU Humanities Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: ENV 110 and environmental studies major or minor. An introduction to the examination of human-environment relationships arising from the humanities, this course draws broadly upon the fields of philosophy, history, cultural anthropology, eco-criticism, art and art history, and the emerging interdisciplinary field of environmental humanities. Students receive a broad introduction to humanist perspectives on environmental challenges and solutions and preparation for examining specific fields in greater depth later in their studies.
	ENV 207 - Nature and Place REL 207 FDR: HU Humanities Distribution Credits: 3 Same as REL 207. This course explores a variety of ideas about and experiences of nature and place Through a consideration of work drawn from diverse disciplines including philosophy, religious studies, literature, art, and anthropology. Questions to be considered may include: what is the nature of place in our societies, and is there a place for nature in our cultures? How have human beings made places for themselves to dwell in or out of nature? What might make a place a sacred place? Are there any sacred places?
	ENV 214 - Environmental Poetry Workshop FDR: HA Fine Arts Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: WRIT 100. A single-genre poetry course in the practice of writing environmental poetry, involving poetry workshops, the literary study of environmental poetry (historical and contemporary), and critical writing.
	ENV 220 - Campus Sustainability Consulting and LEED Expertise Experiential Learning (EXP): Yes Credits: 3 ENV 120 provides a large systems context for this course (ENV 220) but is not a prerequisite. Using the U.S. Green Building Council’s Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) rating systems and working alongside sustainability consultants, students investigate the W&L campus grounds and facilities and develop detailed action plans for the university, in order to meet sustainability and climate goals and maximize credits toward a LEED Campus designation. The consulting teams present their findings to decision makers in order to assist W&L in achieving LEED Silver Certification or better for all new construction and major renovations.
	ENV 230 - Food and the Environment Credits: 3 Prerequisite: ENV 110. Food is intimately connected with the environmental justice challenges of the Anthropocene - and to understand those connections fully, we need to examine how they developed in the past. This course explores how food has transformed societies and environments in the United States over centuries, and investigates how the legacies of those transformations continue to affect how we eat and drink today. We will use archaeology, history, anthropology, and other approaches from the environmental humanities to deepen our understanding of the (un)sustainability of modern U.S. food systems. We will study the potential lessons the past may hold for the future, and leverage this knowledge to evaluate the sustainability and environmental justice of our 21st century foodways.
	ENV 250 - Ecology of Place Credits: 4 Prerequisite: instructor consent. Think globally, study locally. This course explores globally significant environmental issues such as biodiversity conservation, sustainable delivery of ecosystem goods and services, and environmental justice, as they are manifested on a local/regional scale. We examine interactions among ethical, ecological, and economic concerns that shape these issues. Students are fully engaged in the development of policy recommendations that could guide relevant decision makers. The course incorporates readings, field trips, films, and discussions with invited experts.
	ENV 263 - Nature as Self: Environmental Literature in the Anthropocene (ENGL 263) FDR: HL Experiential Learning (EXP): EXP Credits: 3 This course will study American fascinations with ideas of “Nature” and “Self” as they manifest in contemporary literature and thought. We will discuss the implications of these categories for humans as members of ecosystems as well as of “advanced societies”. We will read essays, novels, and poetry at the cutting edge of American environmental writing, as well as those who contribute to its historical path. We will test our own understandings of human roles in relation to the greater-than-human world, and will consider implications that these understandings may carry for the individual life as well as for a globalized world in which ecological issues are of great concern.
	ENV 288 - Key Thinkers on the Environment HIST 288 FDR: HU Humanities Distribution Credits: 3 Same as HIST 288. Key thinkers on the environment are central to this course, ranging from ancient greats such as Aristotle to modern writers such as David Suzuki and E.O. Wilson about the ecosystem crises of the Anthropocene. We highlight certain 19th-century icons of environmentalist awareness and nature preservation, such as Alexander von Humboldt in Europe and Humboldtians in America, including Frederic Edwin Church and Henry David Thoreau.
	ENV 295 - Special Topics in Environmental Studies Credits: 3 May be repeated for degree credit if the topics are different. Prerequisite: ENV 110 or BIOL 111. This course examines special topics in environmental studies, such as ecotourism, the environment and development, local environmental issues, values and the environment, global fisheries, global climate change, tropical deforestation and similar topics of importance, which could change from year to year. This is a research-intensive course where the student would be expected to write a significant paper, either individually or as part of a group, of sufficient quality to be made useful to the scholarly and policy communities.
	ENV 330 - Environmental Archaeology Credits: 3 Prerequisite: instructor consent. Long-term sustainability requires that we look not only ahead to the future, but back to the past. How did past societies interact with their environments? How did people in the past respond to environmental challenges? What can we learn from their responses to address the challenges we face today? This class applies a long-term perspective to human environment relationships using approaches drawn from archaeology and the environmental humanities. We focus on three major practices contributing to the environmental challenges of the 21st century - industrial agriculture, fossil fuel extraction, and deforestation - and use archaeology to understand how each of these practices developed over human history. Place-based learning through field trips are key in developing student engagement with environmental archaeological approaches throughout the course.
	ENV 365 - Seminar in Environmental Ethics PHIL 365 FDR: HU Humanities Distribution Credits: 3 May be repeated for degree credit if the topics are different. Same as PHIL 365. This course examines selected topics in environmental ethics. Topics may vary from year to year, and include the proper meanings and goals of environmentalism; the goals and methods of conservation biology; major environmental issues in current political debates; and balancing the ethical concerns of environmental justice and our responsibilities to future generations.
	ENV 390 - Special Topics: Interdisciplinary Approaches to Environmental Issues Credits: 3 May be repeated for degree credit if the topics are different. This course examines causes of, consequences of, and solutions to contemporary environmental problems. Though topics vary from term to term, the course has a specific focus on the integration of environmental science, policy, and thought so students understand better the cause and effect relationships that shape the interaction between human and environmental systems.
	ENV 396 - Pre-Capstone Research Seminar Credits: 1 Prerequisite: Environmental Studies major or minor. In this seminar, students develop a proposal for the research that they will conduct in the subsequent Winter-term class, ENV 397. Both quantitative and qualitative research projects are encouraged and all research projects must have an interdisciplinary component. Students develop their research questions, prepare progress reports, annotated bibliographies, discussions of data, methods, and the significance of their proposed research. The final product is a complete research proposal which serves as a blueprint for the capstone research project. Students are also responsible for reviewing the work of classmates.
	ENV 397 - Senior Seminar in Environmental Studies Experiential Learning (EXP): Yes Credits: 3 ENV 396 is strongly encouraged as preparation. Prerequisite: instructor consent. An interdisciplinary capstone course intended for students in the environmental studies program. Students analyze a particular environmental issue and attempt to integrate scientific inquiry, political and economic analysis and ethical implications. The particular issue changes each year.
	ENV 401 - Directed Individual Study Credits: 1 May be repeated for degree credit if the topics are different. Prerequisite: instructor consent. Students undertake significant original research or creative activity in the area of environmental studies, under the direction of a faculty member.
	ENV 402 - Directed Individual Studies Credits: 2 May be repeated for degree credit if the topics are different. Prerequisite: instructor consent. Students undertake significant original research or creative activity in the area of environmental studies, under the direction of a faculty member.
	ENV 403 - Directed Individual Studies Credits: 3 May be repeated for degree credit if the topics are different. Prerequisite: instructor consent. Students undertake significant original research or creative activity in the area of environmental studies, under the direction of a faculty member.
	ENV 493 - Honors Thesis in Environmental Studies Credits: 3 Prerequisite: instructor consent. Honors Thesis.
Film Studies
	FILM 109 - Film Performance Laboratory Credits: 1 May be repeated for degree credit for a total of 3 credits. Prerequisite: instructor consent. Participate as a writer, actor, cinematographer or technician in a faculty supervised film production.
	FILM 121 - Script Analysis for Stage and Screen THTR 121 FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 Same as THTR 121. The study of selected plays and screenplays from the standpoint of the theatre and screen artists. Emphasis on thorough examination of the scripts preparatory to production. This course is focused on developing script analysis skills directly applicable to work in production. Students work collaboratively in various creative capacities to transform texts into productions.
	FILM 195 - Topics in Film Studies FDR: HA Fine Arts Distribution Credits: 3-4 May be repeated for degree credit if the topics are different. Prerequisites may vary with topic Prerequisite: completion of FDR:FW requirement. Selected topic in film studies, focused on one or more of film history, theory, production, or screenwriting.
	FILM 196 - Topics in Film and Literature FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3-4 May be repeated for degree credit if the topics are different. Prerequisites may vary with topic Prerequisite: completion of FDR:FW requirement. Selected topics in film and literature.
	FILM 221 - Writer in Residence Seminar Experiential Learning (EXP): Yes Credits: 1 Prerequisite: instructor consent. A one-credit intensive seminar course in playwriting/screenwriting taught by a guest arist-in-residence and focusing on a specific topic.
	FILM 222 - Writing for the Screen and Stage FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 This course focuses on the creating dramatic works for the stage and the screen. Students learn how to create a core message and idea; from that foundation, they practice building strong plot, bold characters, effective dialogue, and descriptive writing for these visual mediums. Writing techniques, structure, and styles will be taught through readings, lectures, in-class writing exercises, small group activities, and student presentations.
	FILM 233 - Introduction to Film ENGL 233 FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: completion of FDR:FW requirement. Same as ENGL 233. An introductory study of film taught in English and with a topical focus on texts from a variety of global film-making traditions. At its origins, film displayed boundary-crossing international ambitions, and this course attends to that important fact, but the course’s individual variations emphasize one national film tradition (e.g., American, French, Indian, British, Italian, Chinese, etc.) and, within it, may focus on major representative texts or upon a subgenre or thematic approach. In all cases, the course introduces students to fundamental issues in the history, theory, and basic terminology of film.
	FILM 236 - Science Fiction & Fantasy: From Page to Screen and Beyond FDR: HL Credits: 4 Film, almost from origins, has been fascinated by the evocation of fantasy worlds and by the effort to imagine and represent future worlds filled with technological marvels.(Film is, of course, a medium obsessed by its own technological improvements from sound and color to 30 and virtual reality.) From such major directors as Lang and Kubrick to Lucas and Spielberg, science fiction has attracted some of the finest and most innovative directors. In this course, we study major examples of this phenomenon along with the technological history and philosophical speculations contributing to it.
	FILM 237S - Field Documentary FDR: HA Experiential Learning (EXP): Yes Credits: 4 Prerequisite: Prerequisite: Instructor consent. Experiential Learning. Taught by W&L faculty at the University of Cape Coast as part of the W&L in Ghana program. This course teaches students how to research, conceptualize and develop a non-fiction story idea into a film. Students receive instruction on effective research strategies, idea development, production planning, and proposal writing and pitching. They learn the theoretical, aesthetic, and technical principles of non-linear editing for documentary. Principally, students are taught how to: digitize and organize source material, create basic effects and titles, develop sequences, and organize and edit their raw materials into a polished final product. In addition to making films, we screen various documentaries, analyze the techniques, and put them to use in our own creation and editing.
	FILM 238 - Documentary Filmmaking FDR: HA Fine Arts Distribution Experiential Learning (EXP): Yes Credits: 3 Skills for creating effective documentary films. The topic varies for each term’s documentary. Students work collaboratively to create the documentary from the seed idea through to the finished product, using readings, screenings, analysis, discussion, equipment orientation, field production, and editing. Students deepen their production and communication skills through creating a professional-quality documentary film.
	FILM 250 - Preparing for Ethnographic Study of Modern Day Slavery in Ghana Credits: 1 A course preparatory to FILM 251. Prerequisite: instructor consent. Students in this course learn about Ghanaian culture and history, along with modern-day slavery practices and prevention, including organizations working with the spring-term course. Students learn the essentials of interviewing and shooting short documentary so that each student is fully prepared for the experience. Students complete short readings and assignments each week.

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Course Descriptions

ENGL 250 - Medieval and Early Modern British Literature

ENGL 252 - Shakespeare

ENGL 253 - Literature of the American South

ENGL 254 - I Heart Jane: Austen’s Fan Cultures and Afterlives

ENGL 257 - Business in American Literature and Film

ENGL 258 - Literature and Film of the American West

ENGL 259 - Enslavement and Abolition in British Literature 1688-1831

ENGL 260 - Literary Approaches to Poverty

ENGL 262 - Literature, Race, and Ethnicity

ENGL 263 - Nature as Self: Environmental Literature in the Anthropocene

ENGL 264 - The Body Electric: Queer Theory, Film, and Text

ENGL 266 - Introduction to African American Literature

ENGL 270 - Individual Novel

ENGL 285 - Reading Lolita in Lexington

ENGL 286 - Black Writers and the Allure of Paris

ENGL 289 - Literary Book Publishing

ENGL 290 - Having it All: Life, Literature and Career

ENGL 291 - Seminar

ENGL 292 - Topics in British Literature

ENGL 293 - Topics in American Literature

ENGL 294 - Topics in World Literature in English

ENGL 295 - Spring-Term Seminar in Literary Studies

ENGL 296 - Topics in Law and Literature

ENGL 299 - Seminar for Prospective Majors

ENGL 304 - Literary Book Publishing

ENGL 306 - Advanced Creative Writing: Poetry

ENGL 308 - Advanced Creative Writing: Fiction

ENGL 309 - Advanced Creative Writing: Memoir

ENGL 312 - Gender, Love, and Marriage in the Middle Ages

ENGL 313 - Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales

ENGL 316 - The Tudors

ENGL 319 - Shakespeare and Company

ENGL 320 - Shakespearean Genres

ENGL 326 - 17th-Century Poetry

ENGL 330 - Milton

ENGL 335 - 18th-Century Novels

ENGL 345 - Studies in the 19th-Century British Novel

ENGL 346 - Early African American Print Culture

ENGL 349 - Middlemarch and Devoted Readers

ENGL 353 - 20th-Century British and Irish Poetry

ENGL 354 - Contemporary British and American Drama

ENGL 356 - Whitman vs Dickinson

ENGL 359 - Literature by Women of Color

ENGL 361 - Native American Literatures

ENGL 363 - American Poetry from 1900 to 1945

ENGL 364 - American Poetry at Mid-Century

ENGL 366 - African-American Literature

ENGL 367 - 19th-Century American Novel

ENGL 369 - Late 20th-Century North American Fiction

ENGL 370 - Contemporary North American Fiction

ENGL 374 - King and Kubrick

ENGL 375 - Literary Theory

ENGL 376 - Postcolonial Literature and Theory

ENGL 382 - Hotel Orient

ENGL 386 - Supervised Study in Great Britain

ENGL 391 - Topics in Creative Writing

ENGL 392 - Topics in Literature in English before 1700

ENGL 393 - Topics in Literature in English from 1700-1900

ENGL 394 - Topics in Literature in English since 1900

ENGL 395 - Topics in Literature in English in Counter Traditions

ENGL 401 - Directed Individual Study

ENGL 403 - Directed Individual Study

ENGL 413 - Senior Research and Writing

ENGL 431 - Master Class in Creative Writing

ENGL 453 - Internship in Literary Editing with Shenandoah

ENGL 493 - Honors Thesis

ENV 110 - Introduction to Environmental Studies

ENV 120 - Environmental Systems, W&L Campus, and LEED

ENV 180 - FS: First-Year Seminar

ENV 201 - Applied Environmental Science

ENV 202 - Society and Natural Resources

ENV 203 - Environmental Humanities

ENV 207 - Nature and Place

ENV 214 - Environmental Poetry Workshop

ENV 220 - Campus Sustainability Consulting and LEED Expertise

ENV 230 - Food and the Environment

ENV 250 - Ecology of Place

ENV 263 - Nature as Self: Environmental Literature in the Anthropocene

ENV 288 - Key Thinkers on the Environment