2023-2024 University Catalog

May 28, 2024

2023-2024 University Catalog archived

Course Descriptions

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English
	ENGL 304 - Literary Book Publishing FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: ENGL 201, ENGL 202, ENGL 203, ENGL 204, ENGL 206, ENGL 210, ENGL 215, ENGL 306, ENGL 308, ENGL 309, or ENGL 391. This course is an introduction to the publishing industry, its culture and commerce. We examine the history of the industry and how it operates today, with an emphasis on active learning and practice. This class consists, in part, of active discussions with industry professionals, studying the life of a single book: its author, its agent, its editor, its book designer, its publisher. It gives you an overview of how the publishing industry works through the eyes of the people who work in it. It also gives you a chance to put what you learn into practice. Using a book you’re working on (or a theoretical book you may someday write), you compose a query letter, design a book jacket, and create marketing material in support of your project. The term culminates with a book auction where students form publishing teams and bid on the books they would most like to publish.
	ENGL 306 - Advanced Creative Writing: Poetry FDR: HA Fine Arts Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: ENGL 201, ENGL 202, ENGL 203, ENGL 204, ENGL 206, ENGL 207, ENGL 210, ENGL 214, ENGL 215, ENGL 306, ENGL 309, or ENGL 391. A workshop in writing poems, requiring regular writing and outside reading.
	ENGL 308 - Advanced Creative Writing: Fiction FDR: HA Fine Arts Distribution Credits: 3-4 ENGL 203 recommended. Students who do not meet the requisite may submit a fiction writing sample for possible instructor consent. Prerequisite: ENGL 201, ENGL 202, ENGL 203, ENGL 204, ENGL 206, ENGL 210, ENGL 215, ENGL 306, ENGL 308, ENGL 309, or ENGL 391. A workshop in writing fiction, requiring regular writing and outside reading.
	ENGL 309 - Advanced Creative Writing: Memoir FDR: HA Fine Arts Distribution Credits: 3-4 Prerequisite: ENGL 201, ENGL 202, ENGL 203, ENGL 204, ENGL 206, ENGL 207, ENGL 210, ENGL 214, ENGL 215, ENGL 306, ENGL 309, or ENGL 391. Flannery O’Connor once said that any writer who could survive childhood had enough material to write about for a lifetime. Memoir is a mosaic form, utilizing bits and pieces from autobiography, fiction, essay and poetry in ways that allow the author to muse (speculate, imagine, remember, and question) on their own life experiences. Modern literary memoir requires tremendous work from the author, as she moves both backward and forward in time, re-creates believable dialogue, switches back and forth between scene and summary, and controls the pace and tension of the story with lyricism or brute imagery. In short, the memoirist keeps her reader engaged by being an adept and agile storyteller. This is not straight autobiography. Memoir is more about what can be gleaned from a section of one’s life than about chronicling an entire life. Like a mosaic, memoir is about the individual pieces as much as the eventual whole. Work focuses on reading established memoirists, free writing, and workshopping in and out of class.
	ENGL 312 - Gender, Love, and Marriage in the Middle Ages FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 No prior knowledge of medieval languages necessary. Prerequisite: an English course numbered between 201 and 295 and another English course numbered between 222 and 299. A study of the complex nexus of gender, love, and marriage in medieval legal, theological, political, and cultural discourses. Reading an eclectic range of texts–such as romance, hagiography, fabliau, (auto)biography, conduct literature, and drama–we consider questions of desire, masculinity, femininity, and agency, as well as the production and maintenance of gender roles and of emotional bonds within medieval conjugality. Authors include Chaucer, Chretien de Troyes, Heldris of Cornwall, Andreas Capellanus, Margery Kempe, and Christine de Pisan. Readings in Middle English or in translation.
	ENGL 313 - Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: an English course numbered between 201 and 295 and another English course numbered between 222 and 299. This course considers the primary work on which Chaucer’s reputation rests: The Canterbury Tales. We pay sustained attention to Chaucer’s Middle English at the beginning of the semester to ease the reading process. Then we travel alongside the Canterbury pilgrims as they tell their tales under the guise of a friendly competition. The Canterbury Tales is frequently read as a commentary on the social divisions in late medieval England, such as the traditional estates, religious professionals and laity, and gender hierarchies. But despite the Tales’ professed inclusiveness of the whole of English society, Chaucer nonetheless focuses inordinately on those individuals from the emerging middle classes. Our aim is to approach the Tales from the practices of historicization and theorization; that is, we both examine Chaucer’s cultural and historical contexts and consider issues of religion, gender, sexuality, marriage, conduct, class, chivalry, courtly love, community, geography, history, power, spirituality, secularism, traditional authority, and individual experience. Of particular importance are questions of voicing and writing, authorship and readership. Lastly, we think through Chaucer’s famous Retraction at the end” of The Canterbury Tales, as well as Donald R. Howard’s trenchant observation that the Tale is “unfinished but complete.” What does it mean for the father of literary “Englishness” to end his life’s work on the poetic principle of unfulfilled closure and on the image of a society on the move?”
	ENGL 315 - Arthurian Bodies, Desires, and Affects FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: an English course numbered between 201 and 295 and another English course numbered between 222 and 299. During the medieval and early modern periods, King Arthur and his court served as the foundational models of courtly love, chivalry, and political discourse in the West. Yet artists have rendered Arthurian personae as bodies that feel deeply and follow the pull of desires, and in so doing, produce counter subjectivities. This course surveys the premodern Arthurian literary traditions through theoretical lenses grounded in women’s, queer, and trans studies. We examine the myths of Arthur’s heroic masculinity and Camelot, the adulterous love triangle at the heart of courtly love, the uncanny trans embodiment and queer sensibility of knighthood, the marriage plot, the uneven gendering of negative affects, the trans-species borders of the animal and the human, and alternate forms of sociality.
	ENGL 316 - The Tudors FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: an English course numbered between 201 and 295 and another English course numbered between 222 and 299. Famous for his mistresses and marriages, his fickle treatment of courtiers, and his vaunting ambition, Henry VIII did more to change English society and religion than any other king. No one understood Henry’s power more carefully than his daughter Elizabeth, who oversaw England’s first spy network and jealously guarded her throne from rebel contenders. This course studies the writers who worked for the legendary Tudors, focusing on the love poetry of courtiers, trials, and persecution of religious dissidents, plays, and accounts of exploration to the new world. We trace how the ambitions of the monarch, along with religious revolution and colonial expansion, figure in the work of writers like Wyatt, Surrey, and Anne Askew; Spenser, Marlowe, Shakespeare, and Southwell; and Thomas More and Walter Ralegh.
	ENGL 319 - Shakespeare and Company FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: an English course numbered between 201 and 295 and another English course numbered between 222 and 299. Focusing on the repertory and working conditions of the two play companies with which he was centrally involved, this course examines plays by Shakespeare and several of his contemporary collaborators and colleagues (Jonson, Middleton, Fletcher). Attentive to stage history and the evolution of dramatic texts within print culture, students consider the degree to which Shakespeare was both a representative and an exceptional player in Renaissance London’s show business.
	ENGL 320 - Shakespearean Genres FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: an English course numbered between 201 and 295 and another English course numbered between 222 and 299. In a given term, this course focuses on one or two of the major genres explored by Shakespeare (e.g., histories, tragedies, comedies, tragicomedies/romances, lyric and narrative poetry), in light of Renaissance literary conventions and recent theoretical approaches. Students consider the ways in which Shakespeare’s generic experiments are variably inflected by gender, by political considerations, by habitat, and by history.
	ENGL 326 - 17th-Century Poetry FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: an English course numbered between 201 and 295 and another English course numbered between 222 and 299. Readings of lyric and epic poetry spanning the long 16th century, and tracing the development of republican and cavalier literary modes. Genres include the metaphysical poetry of Donne, Herbert, Katherine Philips, and Henry Vaughan; erotic verse by Mary Wroth, Herrick, Thomas Carew, Marvell, Aphra Behn, and the Earl of Rochester; elegy by Jonson and Bradstreet; and epic by Milton.
	ENGL 330 - Milton FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: an English course numbered between 201 and 295 and another English course numbered between 222 and 299. This course surveys one of the most talented and probing authors of the English language – a man whose reading knowledge and poetic output has never been matched, and whose work has influenced a host of writers after him, including Alexander Pope, William Blake, William Wordsworth, and Mary Shelley. In this course, we read selections from Milton’s literary corpus, drawing from such diverse genres as lyric, drama, epic and prose polemic. As part of their study of epic form, students create a digital humanities project rendering Paradise Los t in gaming context. Quests, heroes, ethical choices and exploration of new worlds in Paradise Lost are rendered as a game. Students read Milton in the context of literary criticism and place him within his historical milieu, not the least of which includes England’s dizzying series of political metamorphoses from Monarchy to Commonwealth, Commonwealth to Protectorate, and Protectorate back to Monarchy.
	ENGL 335 - 18th-Century Novels FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: an English course numbered between 201 and 295 and another English course numbered between 222 and 299. A study of prose fiction up to about 1800, focusing on the 18th-century literary and social developments that have been called the rise of the novel. Authors likely include Behn, Haywood, Defoe, Richardson, Fielding, Sterne, Burney, and/or Austen.
	ENGL 345 - Studies in the 19th-Century British Novel FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: an English course numbered between 201 and 295 and another English course numbered between 222 and 299. Novels and topics vary from year to year depending upon the interests of the instructor and of the students (who are encouraged to express their views early in the preceding semester). Authors range from Austen and Scott through such high Victorians as Dickens, Gaskell, Eliot, and Trollope to late figures such as Hardy, Bennett, and James. Possible topics include the multiplot novel, women novelists, industrial and country house novels, mysteries and gothics, and the bildungsroman.
	ENGL 346 - Early African American Print Culture FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: an English course numbered between 201 and 295 and another English course numbered between 222 and 299. Same as AFCA 346.
	ENGL 349 - Middlemarch and Devoted Readers FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 4 Prerequisite: an English course numbered between 201 and 295 and another English course numbered between 222 and 299. This seminar begins with and centers upon George Eliot’s Middlemarch, a novel often regarded as one of the greatest and most ambitious produced in the era of the novel’s securest cultural dominance and famously described by Virginia Woolf as one of the few English novels written for grown-up people. It then problematizes this encounter by setting it in light of Rebecca’s Mead’s critically-acclaimed My Life in Middlemarch, a memoir of her devoted lifelong reading and reading of it, not just for pleasure but for its profound wisdom and insight. The question of such intense admiration verging on fandom is one that has received increasing scholarly attention, particularly in relation to the so-called Janeite phenomenon, that is, the love of Jane Austen fans for her novels, but extends to numerous other novelists, poets, playwrights, fun-makers, and their fans. Students supplement this focus of the course by researching and presenting their own exemplary case studies of such readerly devotion, obsession, or fandom.
	ENGL 353 - Poetry, Skepticism and the Sacred FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: an English course numbered between 201 and 295 and another English course numbered between 222 and 299. Selected readings in British poetry from the turn of the century to the present, including the English tradition, international modernism, Irish, and other Commonwealth poetry. We will examine how many poets handle inherited forms, negotiate the world wars, and express identity amid changing definitions of gender and nation.
	ENGL 354 - Contemporary British and American Drama FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: an English course numbered between 201 and 295 and another English course numbered between 222 and 299. This course examines both the masterpieces and undiscovered gems of English language theater from Samuel Beckett to the present. The course investigates contemporary movements away from naturalism and realism towards the fantastical, surreal, and spectacular. Student presentations, film screenings, and brief performance exercises supplement literary analysis of the plays, though no prior drama experience is presumed.
	ENGL 356 - Whitman vs Dickinson FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: an English course numbered between 201 and 295 and another English course numbered between 222 and 299. In this seminar, students read two wild and wildly different U.S. poets alongside queer theory about temporality. Since we are discussing queerness in the past, present, and future, we will also consider 2lst-century reception of 19th-century literature and history, and students will participate in a Nineteenth-Century Poetry Slam.
	ENGL 359 - Literature by Women of Color FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: an English course numbered between 201 and 295 and another English course numbered between 222 and 299. This course focuses on the intersection of race and gender as they meet in the lives and identities of contemporary women of color via literature: African-Americans, Native Americans, Chicanas, Asian-Americans, and mixed bloods, or ‘mestizas.’ Our readings, discussions and writings focus on the work that coming to voice does for women of color, and for our larger society and world. Students read a variety of poetry, fiction, and autobiography in order to explore some of the issues most important to and about women of color: identity, histories, diversity, resistance and celebration. Literary analyses-i.e., close readings, explications and interpretations-are key strategies for understanding these readings.
	ENGL 361 - Native American Literatures FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: an English course numbered between 201 and 295 and another English course numbered between 222 and 299. A study of American Indian literature, primarily from the 20th century but including some historical and prehistorical foundations (oral storytelling, early orations and essays). Texts and topics may vary, but this course poses questions about nation, identity, indigenous sovereignty, mythology and history, and the powers of story as both resistance and regeneration. Readings in poetry, fiction, memoir, and nonfiction prose. Authors may include Alexie, Harjo, Hogan, Erdrich, Silko, Chrystos, Ortiz, LeAnne Howe and Paula Gunn Allen.
	ENGL 363 - Modern Poetry’s Media FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: an English course numbered between 201 and 295 and another English course numbered between 222 and 299. A consideration of American poetry from the first half of the 20th century, including modernism, the Harlem Renaissance, and popular poetry. Students will investigate the interplay of tradition and experiment in a period defined by expatriatism, female suffrage, and the growing power of urban culture.
	ENGL 364 - Poetry and Authenticity FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: an English course numbered between 201 and 295 and another English course numbered between 222 and 299. Readings from the middle generation of 20th century U.S. poets with attention to the Beats, the New York School, Black Arts, and many other movements. Writers may include Elizabeth Bishop, Gwendolyn Brooks, Allen Ginsberg, Sylvia Plath, Robert Hayden, and others.
	ENGL 366 - African-American Literature FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: an English course numbered between 201 and 295 and another English course numbered between 222 and 299. A focused engagement with the African-American literary tradition, from its beginnings in the late 18th century through its powerful assertions in the 21st. The focus of each term’s offering may vary; different versions of the course might emphasize a genre, author, or period such as poetry, Ralph Ellison, or the Harlem Renaissance.
	ENGL 367 - 19th-Century American Novel FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: an English course numbered between 201 and 295 and another English course numbered between 222 and 299. A reading of major American novelists, focusing especially on Poe, Melville, and Hawthorne. We also consider the relationship between the novel and punishment, especially in the works of Harriet Beecher Stowe, George Lippard, and William Wells Brown. Additionally, we read fictions during the second half of the century by Twain, Chopin, and Chesnutt.
	ENGL 369 - Late 20th-Century North American Fiction FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: an English course numbered between 201 and 295 and another English course numbered between 222 and 299. An exploration of fiction since World War II. Authors may include Wright, O’Connor, Highsmith, Nabokov, Capote, Pynchon, Silko, Atwood, and Morrison.
	ENGL 370 - Contemporary North American Fiction Credits: 3 Prerequisite: an English course numbered between 201 and 295 and another English course numbered between 222 and 299. A study of 21st-century novels and short stories by North American authors. The course examines the recent movement of literary fiction into traditional pulp genres. Authors may include: Chabon, Atwood, Allende, Alexie, Butler, McCarthy, Diaz, Whitehead, Link, Fowler, and Grossman.
	ENGL 374 - King and Kubrick FDR: HL Credits: 3 Prerequisite: Prerequisite: Take one English course between 201 and 295, and one between 222 and 299. This course explores and juxtaposes the novels, films, epic ambitions, dark visions, and cultural rivalry of two of the most popular, influential, and original narrative artists of 20th- and 21st-century America. We survey all of Kubrick’s 13 feature films, more closely engage with several of the most important, and highlight a small but representative selection of King’s vast oeuvre, emphasizing King’s literary and cultural ambitions more than his practice as a master of horror. At the center stand King’s and Kubrick’s versions of The Shining and the angry reaction of King to Kubrick’s cold, dark, even post-human adaptation of the far more ethical and humane novel. This rivalry and argument becomes the lens through which this course takes up the larger debate over the modernist and postmodernist cultural ranking of works and authors into categories such ”masscult” and “midcult” or “highbrow,” “middlebrow,” and “lowbrow.”
	ENGL 375 - Literary Theory FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: an English course numbered between 201 and 295 and another English course numbered between 222 and 299. A survey of major schools of literary theory including New Criticism, Formalism, Structuralism, Post-structuralism, Marxism, Psychoanalysis, Cultural Studies, New Historicism, Postcolonial and Native Studies, Feminisms, Queer Studies, Ecocriticism, and New Media. In addition to close reading, we examine alternative methods such as surface reading, flat reading, paranoid reading, and reparative reading. The final paper is tailored to individual student’s interests. According to student interests, we also discuss preparations for graduate programs and explore the genres of thesis and grant proposals.
	ENGL 376 - Postcolonial Literature and Theory FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: an English course numbered between 201 and 295 and another English course numbered between 222 and 299. This course is an introduction to some of the key concepts and debates in postcolonial theory, with an emphasis on Caribbean literature and anti-colonial thought. We will grapple with three main questions that have shaped the field as we know it: 1. When and where is the “postcolonial”? 2. How does the legacy of colonialism shape modern day understandings of race, ethnicity and culture? And 3. What does the legacy of colonialism mean for the environmental crises we face today? These broad concepts (temporality, racial formations and ecological challenges) are grounded in the study of key theoretical texts, including the works of Frantz Fanon, and in novels and poems, including those by W.E.B. Du Bois, Michelle Cliff and Suzanne Césaire.
	ENGL 382 - Hotel Orient FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: an English course numbered between 201 and 295 and another English course numbered between 222 and 299. This seminar charts the historical encounters between East and West through the very spaces that facilitate cross-cultural transactions from the medieval to the postmodern. If modern hotel consciousness is marked by transience, ennui, eroticism, and isolation, we ask whether or not the same characteristics held true in premodern hotel practices, and if the space of the Orient makes a difference in hotel writing. Semantically, Orient means not only the geographic east. As a verb, to orient means to position and ascertain one’s bearings. In this sense, to write about lodging in the East is to sort out one’s cultural and geopolitical orientation.
	ENGL 386 - Supervised Study in Great Britain FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 4 Prerequisite: instructor consent. An advanced seminar in British literature carried on in Great Britain, with emphasis on independent research and intensive exposure to British culture. Changing topics, rotated yearly from instructor to instructor, and limited in scope to permit study in depth.
	ENGL 391 - Topics in Creative Writing FDR: HA Fine Arts Distribution Credits: 3 May be repeated for degree credit if the topics are different. An advanced workshop in creative writing. Genres and topics will vary, but all versions involve intensive reading and writing.
	ENGL 392 - Topics in Literature in English before 1700 FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3-4 May be repeated for degree credit if the topics are different. Prerequisite: an English course numbered between 201 and 295 and another English course numbered between 222 and 299. A seminar course on literature written in English before 1700 with special emphasis on research and discussion. Student suggestions for topics are welcome.
	ENGL 393 - Topics in Literature in English from 1700-1900 FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3-4 May be repeated for degree credit if the topics are different. Prerequisite: an English course numbered between 201 and 295 and another English course numbered between 222 and 299. A seminar course on literature written in English from 1700 to 1900 with special emphasis on research and discussion. Student suggestions for topics are welcome.
	ENGL 394 - Topics in Literature in English since 1900 FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3-4 May be repeated for degree credit if the topics are different. Prerequisite: an English course numbered between 201 and 295 and another English course numbered between 222 and 299. A seminar course on literature written in English since 1900 with special emphasis on research and discussion. Student suggestions for topics are welcome.
	ENGL 395 - Topics in Literature in English in Counter Traditions FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3-4 May be repeated for degree credit if the topics are different. Prerequisite: an English course numbered between 201 and 295 and another English course numbered between 222 and 299. A seminar course on literature written in English in an area of counter traditions– with special emphasis on research and discussion. Student suggestions for topics are welcome.
	ENGL 401 - Directed Individual Study Credits: 1 Prerequisite: Instructor consent. Directed study individually arranged and supervised. May be repeated for degree credit if the topics are different.
	ENGL 402 - Directed Individual Study Credits: 2 Prerequisite: Instructor consent. Directed study individually arranged and supervised. May be repeated for degree credit if the topics are different.
	ENGL 403 - Directed Individual Study Credits: 3 Prerequisite: Instructor consent. Directed study individually arranged and supervised. May be repeated for degree credit if the topics are different.
	ENGL 413 - Senior Research and Writing Credits: 3 Prerequisite: instructor consent. A collaborative group research and writing project for senior majors, conducted in supervising faculty members’ areas of expertise, with directed independent study culminating in a substantial final project. Possible topics include ecocriticism, literature and psychology, material conditions of authorship, and documentary poetics.
	ENGL 431 - Master Class in Creative Writing Experiential Learning (EXP): Yes Credits: 1 May be repeated for degree credit if the topics are different. Glasgow Writer in Residence. A 5-7 page writing sample in the relevant genre to Professor Lesley Wheeler for consideration is also required. Prerequisite: ENGL 201, ENGL 202, ENGL 203, ENGL 204, ENGL 206, ENGL 207, ENGL 210, ENGL 214, ENGL 215, ENGL 306, ENGL 309, or ENGL 391. An advanced workshop taught by the Glasgow Writer in Residence. The genre varies, but the course includes readings, workshops, and individual conferencing.
	ENGL 453 - Internship in Literary Editing with Shenandoah Experiential Learning (EXP): Yes Credits: 3 May be applied once to the English major or Creative Writing minor and repeated for a maximum of six additional elective credits, as long as the specific projects undertaken are different. Prerequisite: ENGL 201, ENGL 202, ENGL 203, ENGL 204, ENGL 206, ENGL 207, ENGL 210, ENGL 214, or ENGL 215. An apprenticeship in editing with the editor of Shenandoah, Washington and Lee’s literary magazine. Students are instructed in and assist in these facets of the editor’s work: evaluation of manuscripts of fiction, creative nonfiction, poetry, comics, and translations; substantive editing of manuscripts, copyediting; communicating with writers; social media; website maintenance; the design of promotional material.
	ENGL 493 - Honors Thesis Credits: 3 Prerequisite: instructor consent. A summary of prerequisites and requirements may be obtained at the English Department website (https://my.wlu.edu/english-department).
Environmental Studies
	ENV 110 - Introduction to Environmental Studies Credits: 3 Prerequisite: first-year or sophomore class standing. An interdisciplinary introduction to environmental studies with an emphasis on how societies organize themselves through their social, political and economic institutions to respond to environmental problems. The course begins with a discussion of the development of environmental thought, focusing on the relationship between humans and the environment. Participants then discuss alternative criteria for environmental decision making, including sustainability, equity, ecological integrity, economic efficiency, and environmental justice. The course concludes with an examination of contemporary environmental issues, including global warming, invasive species, energy and the environment, tropical deforestation, and the relationship between the environment and economic development in developing countries.
	ENV 180 - FS: First-Year Seminar Credits: 3-4 Topics, applicabililty to FDRs, and other requirements vary by term. Limited to 15 students, these seminars are reading- and discussion-based with an emphasis on papers, projects, studio work, or hands-on field experience rather than exams. Prerequisite: first-year student class standing. First-year seminar.
	ENV 201 - Applied Environmental Science FDR: SC Science, Math, CS Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: ENV 110 and environmental studies major or minor. A foundation in the natural sciences for environmental studies students, this course introduces foundational concepts in earth ecological sciences and their application in understanding human-environment relationships. Local, regional, and global environmental case studies are considered.
	ENV 202 - Society and Natural Resources FDR: SS1 Social Science - Group 1 Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: ENV 110 and environmental studies major or minor. A foundation in the natural sciences for environmental studies students, this course emphasizes understanding how socio-economic conditions are studied to inform and shape environmental policy. Local, regional, and global environmental case studies are considered.
	ENV 203 - Environmental Humanities FDR: HU Humanities Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: ENV 110 and environmental studies major or minor. An introduction to the examination of human-environment relationships arising from the humanities, this course draws broadly upon the fields of philosophy, history, cultural anthropology, eco-criticism, art and art history, and the emerging interdisciplinary field of environmental humanities. Students receive a broad introduction to humanist perspectives on environmental challenges and solutions and preparation for examining specific fields in greater depth later in their studies.
	ENV 207 - Nature and Place REL 207 FDR: HU Humanities Distribution Credits: 3 Same as ENV 207. Through a consideration of work drawn from diverse disciplines including philosophy, religious studies, literature, art, and anthropology, this course explores a variety of ideas about and experiences of nature and place.
	ENV 214 - Environmental Poetry Workshop ENGL 214 FDR: HA Fine Arts Distribution Credits: 3 Not open to students with credit for ENGL 204; only one of these courses may be taken for credit. A single-genre poetry course in the practice of writing environmental poetry, involving poetry workshops, the literary study of environmental poetry (historical and contemporary), and critical writing.
	ENV 250 - Ecology of Place Credits: 4 Prerequisite: instructor consent. Think globally, study locally. This course explores globally significant environmental issues such as biodiversity conservation, sustainable delivery of ecosystem goods and services, and environmental justice, as they are manifested on a local/regional scale. We examine interactions among ethical, ecological, and economic concerns that shape these issues. Students are fully engaged in the development of policy recommendations that could guide relevant decision makers. The course incorporates readings, field trips, films, and discussions with invited experts.
	ENV 263 - Nature as Self: Environmental Literature in the Anthropocene ENGL 263 FDR: HL Literature Distribution Experiential Learning (EXP): Yes Credits: 3 This course will study American fascinations with ideas of “Nature” and “Self” as they manifest in contemporary literature and thought. We will discuss the implications of these categories for humans as members of ecosystems as well as of “advanced societies.” We will read essays, novels, and poetry at the cutting edge of American environmental writing, as well as those who contribute to its historical path. We will test our own understandings of human roles in relation to the greater-than-human world and will consider implications that these understandings may carry for the individual life as well as for a globalized world in which ecological issues are of great concern.
	ENV 288 - Key Thinkers on the Environment HIST 288 FDR: HU Humanities Distribution Credits: 3 Same as HIST 288. Key thinkers on the environment are central to this course, ranging from ancient greats such as Aristotle to modern writers such as David Suzuki and E.O. Wilson about the ecosystem crises of the Anthropocene. We highlight certain 19th-century icons of environmentalist awareness and nature preservation, such as Alexander von Humboldt in Europe and Humboldtians in America, including Frederic Edwin Church and Henry David Thoreau.
	ENV 295 - Special Topics in Environmental Studies Credits: 3 May be repeated for degree credit if the topics are different. Prerequisite: ENV 110 or BIOL 111. This course examines special topics in environmental studies, such as ecotourism, the environment and development, local environmental issues, values and the environment, global fisheries, global climate change, tropical deforestation and similar topics of importance, which could change from year to year. This is a research-intensive course where the student would be expected to write a significant paper, either individually or as part of a group, of sufficient quality to be made useful to the scholarly and policy communities.
	ENV 365 - Seminar in Environmental Ethics FDR: HU Humanities Distribution Credits: 3 May be repeated for degree credit if the topics are different. Same as PHIL 365. This course examines selected topics in environmental ethics. Topics may vary from year to year, and include the proper meanings and goals of environmentalism; the goals and methods of conservation biology; major environmental issues in current political debates; and balancing the ethical concerns of environmental justice and our responsibilities to future generations.
	ENV 390 - Special Topics: Interdisciplinary Approaches to Environmental Issues Credits: 3 May be repeated for degree credit if the topics are different. This course examines causes of, consequences of, and solutions to contemporary environmental problems. Though topics vary from term to term, the course has a specific focus on the integration of environmental science, policy, and thought so students understand better the cause and effect relationships that shape the interaction between human and environmental systems.
	ENV 396 - Pre-Capstone Research Seminar Credits: 1 Prerequisite: Environmental Studies major or minor. In this seminar, students develop a proposal for the research that they will conduct in the subsequent Winter-term class, ENV 397. Both quantitative and qualitative research projects are encouraged and all research projects must have an interdisciplinary component. Students develop their research questions, prepare progress reports, annotated bibliographies, discussions of data, methods, and the significance of their proposed research. The final product is a complete research proposal which serves as a blueprint for the capstone research project. Students are also responsible for reviewing the work of classmates.
	ENV 397 - Senior Seminar in Environmental Studies Experiential Learning (EXP): Yes Credits: 3 ENV 396 is strongly encouraged as preparation. Prerequisite: ENV 110, environmental studies major or minor, and senior class standing. An interdisciplinary capstone course intended for students in the environmental studies program. Students analyze a particular environmental issue and attempt to integrate scientific inquiry, political and economic analysis and ethical implications. The particular issue changes each year.
	ENV 401 - Directed Individual Study Credits: 1 May be repeated for degree credit if the topics are different. Prerequisite: instructor consent. Students undertake significant original research or creative activity in the area of environmental studies, under the direction of a faculty member.
	ENV 402 - Directed Individual Studies Credits: 2 May be repeated for degree credit if the topics are different. Prerequisite: instructor consent. Students undertake significant original research or creative activity in the area of environmental studies, under the direction of a faculty member.
	ENV 403 - Directed Individual Study Credits: 3 Prerequisite: instructor consent. Students undertake significant original research or creative activity in the area of environmental studies, under the direction of a faculty member. May be repeated for degree credit if the topics are different.
	ENV 493 - Honors Thesis in Environmental Studies Credits: 3 Prerequisite: instructor consent. Honors Thesis.
Film Studies
	FILM 109 - Film Performance Laboratory Credits: 1 May be repeated for degree credit for a total of 3 credits. Prerequisite: instructor consent. Participate as a writer, actor, cinematographer or technician in a faculty supervised film production.
	FILM 121 - Script Analysis for Stage and Screen FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 Same as THTR 121. The study of selected plays and screenplays from the standpoint of the theatre and screen artists. Emphasis on thorough examination of the scripts preparatory to production. This course is focused on developing script analysis skills directly applicable to work in production. Students work collaboratively in various creative capacities to transform texts into productions.
	FILM 195 - Topics in Film Studies FDR: HA Fine Arts Distribution Credits: 3-4 May be repeated for degree credit if the topics are different. Prerequisites may vary with topic Prerequisite: completion of FDR:FW requirement. Selected topic in film studies, focused on one or more of film history, theory, production, or screenwriting.
	FILM 196 - Topics in Film and Literature FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3-4 May be repeated for degree credit if the topics are different. Prerequisites may vary with topic Prerequisite: completion of FDR:FW requirement. Selected topics in film and literature.
	FILM 221 - Writer in Residence Seminar Experiential Learning (EXP): Yes Credits: 1 Prerequisite: instructor consent. A one-credit intensive seminar course in playwriting/screenwriting taught by a guest arist-in-residence and focusing on a specific topic.
	FILM 222 - Writing for the Screen and Stage FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 This course focuses on the creating dramatic works for the stage and the screen. Students learn how to create a core message and idea; from that foundation, they practice building strong plot, bold characters, effective dialogue, and descriptive writing for these visual mediums. Writing techniques, structure, and styles will be taught through readings, lectures, in-class writing exercises, small group activities, and student presentations.
	FILM 233 - Introduction to Film ENGL 233 FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: completion of FDR:FW requirement. Same as ENGL 233. An introductory study of film taught in English and with a topical focus on texts from a variety of global film-making traditions. At its origins, film displayed boundary-crossing international ambitions, and this course attends to that important fact, but the course’s individual variations emphasize one national film tradition (e.g., American, French, Indian, British, Italian, Chinese, etc.) and, within it, may focus on major representative texts or upon a subgenre or thematic approach. In all cases, the course introduces students to fundamental issues in the history, theory, and basic terminology of film.
	FILM 236 - Science Fiction & Fantasy: From Page to Screen and Beyond FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 4 Film, almost from origins, has been fascinated by the evocation of fantasy worlds and by the effort to imagine and represent future worlds filled with technological marvels.(Film is, of course, a medium obsessed by its own technological improvements from sound and color to 30 and virtual reality.) From such major directors as Lang and Kubrick to Lucas and Spielberg, science fiction has attracted some of the finest and most innovative directors. In this course, we study major examples of this phenomenon along with the technological history and philosophical speculations contributing to it.
	FILM 237S - Field Documentary FDR: HA Experiential Learning (EXP): Yes Credits: 4 Prerequisite: Prerequisite: Instructor consent. Experiential Learning. Taught by W&L faculty at the University of Cape Coast as part of the W&L in Ghana program. This course teaches students how to research, conceptualize and develop a non-fiction story idea into a film. Students receive instruction on effective research strategies, idea development, production planning, and proposal writing and pitching. They learn the theoretical, aesthetic, and technical principles of non-linear editing for documentary. Principally, students are taught how to: digitize and organize source material, create basic effects and titles, develop sequences, and organize and edit their raw materials into a polished final product. In addition to making films, we screen various documentaries, analyze the techniques, and put them to use in our own creation and editing.
	FILM 238 - Documentary Filmmaking FDR: HA Fine Arts Distribution Experiential Learning (EXP): Yes Credits: 3 Skills for creating effective documentary films. The topic varies for each term’s documentary. Students work collaboratively to create the documentary from the seed idea through to the finished product, using readings, screenings, analysis, discussion, equipment orientation, field production, and editing. Students deepen their production and communication skills through creating a professional-quality documentary film.
	FILM 241 - Cinema Arthuriana ENGL 241 FDR: HL Literature Distribution Credits: 3 Prerequisite: completion of FDR:FW requirement. This course is a survey of Arthurian films and an introduction to film studies. We will read select premodern and modern texts and examine a variety of films across the twentieth• and the twenty-first centuries. The course begins with Arthur the messianic hero, then proceeds to the romance of the Holy Grail, the tribulations of Gawain, and finally the American repurposing of matters of Arthur. H film is an escapist medium, it is first and foremost a mirror to society that reflects its cultural fantasies and structural imaginaries. We will consider forms of medievalism and forces of ideology and periodization that these films embody and project, as well as reception theories and on our own historical contingencies.
	FILM 250 - Preparing for Ethnographic Study of Modern Day Slavery in Ghana Credits: 1 A course preparatory to FILM 251. Prerequisite: instructor consent. Students in this course learn about Ghanaian culture and history, along with modern-day slavery practices and prevention, including organizations working with the spring-term course. Students learn the essentials of interviewing and shooting short documentary so that each student is fully prepared for the experience. Students complete short readings and assignments each week.
	FILM 251 - Ethnographic Study of Modern-Day Slavery in Ghana: Creating Short Documentary Film FDR: HA Fine Arts Distribution Experiential Learning (EXP): Yes Credits: 4 Spring Term Abroad. Prerequisite: instructor consent. An examination of culture and social-justice issues in Ghana, particularly focusing on issues of modern- day slavery. Together, we study Ghanaian culture, visiting cultural sites and learning about how the country is faring with modern-day slavery. We collect true stories through ethnographic study, interviewing and filming to create short documentaries for presentation on campus at the end of the spring term. We examine the development of modern-day slavery in Ghana, visiting organizations and government programs that are working on the issue as well as listening to the stories of those who have been rescued from slavery.
	FILM 252 - Preparation for Field Documentary on Human Rights in Ghana Credits: 1 Prerequisite: instructor consent. This preparatory course for FILM 253 (Field Documentary on Human Rights in Ghana) will teach you the essential skills needed for a successful experience in Ghana. First, we will spend a good deal of time learning about Ghanaian Culture through reading, viewing films and discussion with experts. Second, we will prepare for creating films by learning the film technology, forming documentary teams and creating production plans. Third, each team will partner directly with a non-governmental organization in Ghana to learn about their approach to human rights and strategize about what type of documentary is needed by the organization.
	FILM 252S - Peoples and Culture of Ghana Experiential Learning (EXP): Yes Credits: 4 Prerequisite: Prerequisite: Instructor consent. Experiential Learning. Taught by W&L faculty at the University of Cape Coast as part of the W&L in Ghana program. An immersion in Ghanaian culture through field trips, field documentary, and field visits to non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and development organizations. We visit eight different regions of Ghana on weekend field trips plus one longer week-long excursion to the Ghanaian North. Students are divided into teams that create travel documentaries, each taking on different roles with camera, sound, and logistics. Students also work on creating policy proposals for one of the NGOs or development organizations of their choice. The short travel documentaries and policy proposals are presented in the final month of the term.
	FILM 253 - Field Documentary on Human Rights in Ghana FDR: HA Fine Arts Distribution Experiential Learning (EXP): Yes Credits: 3 Prerequisite: Prerequisite: FILM 252. This course teaches students how to research, conceptualize and develop a non-fiction story idea into a film. We begin our work connecting with NGOs on the ground in Ghana, establishing a relationship with those organizations, and developing the research and preparation for creating a documentary about a human rights issue. These issues will alter from year to year, depending on the focus on the NGO. Students receive instruction on effective research strategies, idea development, production planning, and proposal writing and pitching. Students in this course learn the theoretical, aesthetic and technical principles of non-linear editing for documentary. Principally, students will be taught how to: digitize and organize source material, create basic effects and titles, develop sequences and organize and edit your raw materials into a polished final product.
	FILM 255 - Seven-Minute Shakespeare FDR: HA Fine Arts Distribution Credits: 4 Prerequisite: completion of both the FDR:FW and FDR:HL requirements. After intensive collective reading and discussion of three Shakespeare plays in the first week, students organize into four-person groups with the goal of producing a seven-minute video version of one of the plays by the end of the term, using only the actual text of the play. The project requires full engagement and commitment, and includes tasks such as editing and selecting from the text to produce the film script, creating storyboards, casting and recruiting actors, rehearsing, filming, editing, adding sound tracks and effects. We critique and learn from each other’s efforts.
	FILM 401 - Directed Individual Study Credits: 1 Prerequisite: Prerequisite: Instructor consent. Students enrich their academic experience by undertaking a performance project. Students must demonstrate ability to work with little supervision and must develop a written proposal defining the issue to be addressed, an outline of the proposed methodology, and a statement of the intended outcome with a schedule for completion. The project must include written, historical, and practical components, and permission must be secured in advance of registration. May be repeated for up to 12 credits.
	FILM 402 - Directed Individual Study Credits: 2 Prerequisite: Prerequisite: Instructor consent. Students enrich their academic experience by undertaking a performance project. Students must demonstrate ability to work with little supervision and must develop a written proposal defining the issue to be addressed, an outline of the proposed methodology, and a statement of the intended outcome with a schedule for completion. The project must include written, historical, and practical components, and permission must be secured in advance of registration. May be repeated for up to 12 credits.
	FILM 403 - Directed Individual Study Credits: 3 Prerequisite: instructor consent. Students enrich their academic experience by undertaking a performance project. Students must demonstrate ability to work with little supervision and must develop a written proposal defining the issue to be addressed, an outline of the proposed methodology, and a statement of the intended outcome with a schedule for completion. The project must include written, historical, and practical components, and permission must be secured in advance of registration. May be repeated for up to 12 credits.
	FILM 413 - Research and Writing Film Capstone Experiential Learning (EXP): Yes Credits: 3 Prerequisite: instructor consent. Prerequisite: FILM 233 and 9 credits contributing to the Film Studies minor. A collaborative group research, writing, and/or production project for junior or senior minors, conducted in supervising faculty members’ areas of expertise, with directed independent study culminating in a substantial final project. Possible topics include global and national film, focused treatments of auteur-directors or genres, film and psychology, film and technological change, film and painting, original film production.
	FILM 421 - Directed Individual Research Credits: 1 Prerequisite: Prerequisite: Instructor consent. Students enrich their academic experience by pursuing advanced study in a specialized area of film and visual culture. Permission to undertake directed individual research is a priveleage granted to those students who have demonstrated their ability to work with little supervision. The student wishing to undertake this class must develop a three- to five-page written proposal that includes the problem or issue to be addressed, an outline of the proposed methodology to be used in executing the research, and a statement of the intended outcome with a schedule for completion. Student must be secure approval for the research by the faculty adviser of the project. May be repeated for up to 12 credits.
	FILM 422 - Directed Individual Research Credits: 2 Prerequisite: instructor consent. Students enrich their academic experience by pursuing advanced study in a specialized area of film and visual culture. Permission to undertake directed individual research is a privilege granted to those students who have demonstrated their ability to work with little supervision. The student wishing to undertake this class must develop a three- to five-page written proposal that includes the problem or issue to be addressed, an outline of the proposed methodology to be used in executing the research, and a statement of the intended outcome with a schedule for completion. Student must be secure approval for the research by the faculty adviser of the project. May be repeated for up to 12 credits.
	FILM 423 - Directed Individual Research Credits: 3 Prerequisite: Prerequisite: Instructor consent. Students enrich their academic experience by pursuing advanced study in a specialized area of film and visual culture. Permission to undertake directed individual research is a priveleage granted to those students who have demonstrated their ability to work with little supervision. The student wishing to undertake this class must develop a three- to five-page written proposal that includes the problem or issue to be addressed, an outline of the proposed methodology to be used in executing the research, and a statement of the intended outcome with a schedule for completion. Student must be secure approval for the research by the faculty adviser of the project. May be repeated for up to 12 credits.
Finance
	FIN 196 - Williams Investment Society Experiential Learning (EXP): Yes Credits: 1 Students must participate in a competitive application process in order to participate. Graded Satisfactory/Unsatisfactory. Prerequisite: instructor consent. This cocurricular educational student organization manages a portion of Washington and Lee’s endowment. Students meet in formal and informal sessions conducted by faculty advisers and attend presentations made by outside speakers hosted by the Williams School. The experiential learning that occurs in this setting is grounded in fields such as accounting, economics, and finance, as well as the practice of investments and banking.
	FIN 199 - Real Estate Society Experiential Learning (EXP): Yes Credits: 1 Students must participate in a competitive application process in order to participate. Graded Satisfactory/Unsatisfactory. May be repeated for credit. Prerequisite: instructor consent. Graded satisfactory/unsatisfactory. This co-curricular student organization seeks to develop an enhanced understanding of real estate development and investment. The group hosts guest speakers, conducts and publishes market research, and acts as pro bono consultants to external constituents. Students must participate in a competitive application process in order to participate. May be repeated for credit.
	FIN 221 - Managerial Finance Credits: 3 Prerequisite: ACCT 100 and ECON 100, 180, or 180A. A study of finance from a managerial perspective emphasizing the primary goal of the firm as stockholder wealth maximization. Emphasis is on decisions relating to the acquisition of assets and funds and internal management-financial analysis, planning and control, working capital management, capital budgeting, sources and forms of long-term financing, financial structure and the cost of capital, and valuation.
	FIN 297 - Topics in Finance Credits: 3-4 3 credits in fall or winter; 4 credits in spring. Prerequisite: FIN 221, one course from INTR 202, ECON 202, CBSC 250, or SOAN 218, and at least junior standing. Study of specific finance issues. Pedagogy depends on the specific topic but generally emphasizes discussion, research, fieldwork, projects, or case analysis. Specific course content changes from term to term, and is announced prior to preregistration. May count towards degree credit (dependent on course content) with permission of department head and if topics are different.
	FIN 302 - Seminar in Finance Credits: 3-4 3 credits in fall or winter; 4 credits in spring. Prerequisite: Prerequisite: FIN 221; one of BIOL 201, BUS 202, CBSC 250, ECON 202, INTR 202, MATH 118, or SOAN 118; and at least junior standing. Offered from time to time when interest is expressed and departmental resources permit. May be repeated for degree credit if the topics are different.
	FIN 350 - Building Financial Models Credits: 3 Prerequisite: Prerequisite: FIN 221; one of BIOL 201, BUS 202, CBSC 250, ECON 202, INTR 202, MATH 118, or SOAN 118; and at least junior standing. This course offers exposure to a variety of topics in financial modeling in Excel. Students will build financial spreadsheets to analyze a variety of different financial situations including valuation (stocks, real estate), statistical analysis (historical asset returns), and financial presentation via dashboards. Because Excel for Macs is different in significant ways than Excel for Windows-based computers, students will be required to complete coursework using Windows-based computers. No exceptions to this requirement will be granted.
	FIN 353 - Real Estate Development Credits: 3 Prerequisite: FIN 221, one course from INTR 202, ECON 202, CBSC 250, or SOAN 218, and at least junior standing. Studying the development of commercial real estate, the course covers a range of topics from the idea stage until the property is eventually sold after completion. Although much of the course is qualitative in nature, students also learn how to create simple financial models to analyze properties. In addition, students study in some depth the real estate crisis that began in late 2007. Through exploration of case studies and interaction with practitioners (guest speakers), emphasis is placed on application rather than theory. Assignments include readings, case studies, and one examination. Guest speakers will typically speak in the evening and except in rare circumstances students will be required to attend those sessions.
	FIN 355 - Cases in Corporate Finance Credits: 3 Prerequisite: FIN 221 and one of BIOL 201, BUS 202, CBSC 250, ECON 202, INTR 202, MATH 118, or SOAN 118. Through use of the case method of learning, this course focuses on applied corporate finance strategy, including financial forecasting, financing sales growth, short-term versus long-term financing, commercial bank borrowing, leasing, and capital structure policy. Classroom participation is emphasized.
	FIN 356 - Financial Risk Management Credits: 3 Prerequisite: Prerequisite: FIN 221; one of BIOL 201, BUS 202, CBSC 250, ECON 202, INTR 202, MATH 118, or SOAN 118; and at least junior standing. This course provides an introduction to financial derivatives and risk management and is intended to help upper-division students planning a career in finance or actuarial science. The course considers options and futures from a practical and theoretical perspective. Topics explored include: derivative markets, the Black-Scholes option pricing model, binomial option pricing, Monte-Carlo simulation, future pricing, parity relationships, and hedging with derivatives. Text, projects, participation, and problem-solving.
	FIN 357 - Multinational Business Finance Credits: 3 Prerequisite: Prerequisite: FIN 221; one of BIOL 201, BUS 202, CBSC 250, ECON 202, INTR 202, MATH 118, or SOAN 118; and at least junior standing. A study of the critical aspects of managerial finance in a multinational setting, covering both theoretical and practical issues. Emphasis is placed on identifying the unique risk-return opportunities faced by corporations that maintain business units across national borders. Topics included are foreign exchange and exchange rate determination, international capital markets, the environment of multinational corporate finance, risk management, and cross-border investment decisions. Text, readings, and projects.
	FIN 358 - Corporate Mergers, Leveraged Buyouts, and Divestitures Credits: 3 Prerequisite: FIN 221, one course from INTR 202, ECON 202, CBSC 250, or SOAN 218, and at least junior standing. This course focuses upon company valuation, mergers, leveraged buyouts, and divestitures. The interactive course makes extensive use of the case method in developing an understanding of business valuation methodologies and corporate financing decisions. Advanced-level finance concepts, models, and techniques are applied by students in the development of situational problem formulation, analysis, evaluation, and decision-making skills necessary to solve the unstructured problems faced in the practice of financial and business management. Classroom participation and group presentations are emphasized.
	FIN 359 - Investments Credits: 3 Prerequisite: FIN 221, one course from INTR 202, ECON 202, CBSC 250, or SOAN 218, and at least junior standing. A study of investments and investment management from a practical and theoretical point of view, including the institutional and economic environment relevant to common stocks, preferred stocks, bonds, puts, calls, and commodity future contracts. These assets are studied in terms of the markets in which they are traded, governing regulations, taxes, valuation, risk, characteristic line, and construction of a portfolio. Capital market theory and the Markowitz portfolio model are explored. Text, readings, and projects.
First-Year Experience
	FYE 100 - General Success: Living and Learning at W&L Credits: 1 Prerequisite: first-year student class standing. Assisting new students with their transition to Washington and Lee University, this course aims to foster a sense of belonging, promote engagement in the curricular and co-curricular life of the university, articulate to students the expectations of the University and its faculty, help students develop and apply critical thinking skills, and guide students as they clarify their purpose, meaning, and direction in college. In twelve one-hour sessions, students engage in the development of skills and traits such as active listening, empathy, integrity, bystander intervention, confrontation with compassion, and conflict mediation. Moreover, students improve their ability to inspire and teach success in a global and diverse society.

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Course Descriptions

ENGL 304 - Literary Book Publishing

ENGL 306 - Advanced Creative Writing: Poetry

ENGL 308 - Advanced Creative Writing: Fiction

ENGL 309 - Advanced Creative Writing: Memoir

ENGL 312 - Gender, Love, and Marriage in the Middle Ages

ENGL 313 - Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales

ENGL 315 - Arthurian Bodies, Desires, and Affects

ENGL 316 - The Tudors

ENGL 319 - Shakespeare and Company

ENGL 320 - Shakespearean Genres

ENGL 326 - 17th-Century Poetry

ENGL 330 - Milton

ENGL 335 - 18th-Century Novels

ENGL 345 - Studies in the 19th-Century British Novel

ENGL 346 - Early African American Print Culture

ENGL 349 - Middlemarch and Devoted Readers

ENGL 353 - Poetry, Skepticism and the Sacred

ENGL 354 - Contemporary British and American Drama

ENGL 356 - Whitman vs Dickinson

ENGL 359 - Literature by Women of Color

ENGL 361 - Native American Literatures

ENGL 363 - Modern Poetry’s Media

ENGL 364 - Poetry and Authenticity

ENGL 366 - African-American Literature

ENGL 367 - 19th-Century American Novel

ENGL 369 - Late 20th-Century North American Fiction

ENGL 370 - Contemporary North American Fiction

ENGL 374 - King and Kubrick

ENGL 375 - Literary Theory

ENGL 376 - Postcolonial Literature and Theory

ENGL 382 - Hotel Orient

ENGL 386 - Supervised Study in Great Britain

ENGL 391 - Topics in Creative Writing

ENGL 392 - Topics in Literature in English before 1700

ENGL 393 - Topics in Literature in English from 1700-1900

ENGL 394 - Topics in Literature in English since 1900

ENGL 395 - Topics in Literature in English in Counter Traditions

ENGL 401 - Directed Individual Study

ENGL 402 - Directed Individual Study

ENGL 403 - Directed Individual Study

ENGL 413 - Senior Research and Writing

ENGL 431 - Master Class in Creative Writing

ENGL 453 - Internship in Literary Editing with Shenandoah

ENGL 493 - Honors Thesis

ENV 110 - Introduction to Environmental Studies

ENV 180 - FS: First-Year Seminar

ENV 201 - Applied Environmental Science

ENV 202 - Society and Natural Resources

ENV 203 - Environmental Humanities

ENV 207 - Nature and Place

ENV 214 - Environmental Poetry Workshop

ENV 250 - Ecology of Place

ENV 263 - Nature as Self: Environmental Literature in the Anthropocene

ENV 288 - Key Thinkers on the Environment

ENV 295 - Special Topics in Environmental Studies

ENV 365 - Seminar in Environmental Ethics

ENV 390 - Special Topics: Interdisciplinary Approaches to Environmental Issues

ENV 396 - Pre-Capstone Research Seminar

ENV 397 - Senior Seminar in Environmental Studies

ENV 401 - Directed Individual Study

ENV 402 - Directed Individual Studies

ENV 403 - Directed Individual Study

ENV 493 - Honors Thesis in Environmental Studies

FILM 109 - Film Performance Laboratory

FILM 121 - Script Analysis for Stage and Screen

FILM 195 - Topics in Film Studies

FILM 196 - Topics in Film and Literature

FILM 221 - Writer in Residence Seminar

FILM 222 - Writing for the Screen and Stage

FILM 233 - Introduction to Film

FILM 236 - Science Fiction & Fantasy: From Page to Screen and Beyond

FILM 237S - Field Documentary

FILM 238 - Documentary Filmmaking

FILM 241 - Cinema Arthuriana

FILM 250 - Preparing for Ethnographic Study of Modern Day Slavery in Ghana

FILM 251 - Ethnographic Study of Modern-Day Slavery in Ghana: Creating Short Documentary Film

FILM 252 - Preparation for Field Documentary on Human Rights in Ghana

FILM 252S - Peoples and Culture of Ghana

FILM 253 - Field Documentary on Human Rights in Ghana