2023-2024 University Catalog archived
Course Descriptions
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Accounting |
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ACCT 100 - Introduction to Accounting
Credits: 3
An introduction to accounting for both internal and external purposes. Students cover the fundamental principles of financial accounting (external) and an introduction to how companies process financial information in order to disclose it to the public. The course also investigates how managers prepare information for internal purposes (managerial accounting). Financial accounting is guided by external requirements, while managerial accounting generally is not.
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ACCT 231 - Corporate Financial Reporting
Credits: 3
Prerequisite: ACCT 100 and at least sophomore class standing. An examination of the principles of financial accounting applied to financial statement presentation and the underlying treatment of cash versus accrual accounting, present-value analysis, earnings per share, investments, and equity.
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ACCT 256 - Federal Tax Policy and Planning in Today’s World
Credits: 3
Prerequisite: ACCT 100. This course promotes thoughtful discussion and research of current topics in U.S. tax policy and planning. After an intensive introduction to basic federal tax concepts, each student writes a paper on a current federal tax topic.
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ACCT 280 - History Through Accounting
Credits: 3
Prerequisite: ACCT 100. This class explores the development of accounting through the study of historical economic, business, and cultural issues. The course begins by reviewing early evidence of accounting methods as important tools for decision makers and then moves on to the development of financial reporting, with a significant focus on the history of the railroad industry in the U.S. The class combines readings with site visits to libraries, historical societies, and museums to explore the forces that have helped influence change in accounting and financial reporting over time. Through class research assignments students will gain experience working with primary source materials and accounting research databases.
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ACCT 297 - Topics in Accounting
Credits: 3-4
Prerequisite: ACCT 100. Intensive study of specific accounting issues in significant detail. Pedagogy depends on the specific topic but generally emphasizes discussion, research, fieldwork, projects, or case analysis rather than lecture. Specific course content changes from term to term. May be repeated for degree credit if the topics are different. Prerequisites may vary by topic.
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ACCT 303 - Sustainability Accounting
Credits: 3
Prerequisite: ACCT 100. This course examines best practices and key debates in sustainability accounting and corporate social responsibility (CSR) reporting. Sustainable business practices meet the needs of the present without compromising the needs of the future. Increasingly, accountants are playing an important role in measuring, reporting, and auditing corporate impacts on society and the environment so that corporations can be held accountable and more sustainable business practices can be implemented.
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ACCT 304 - Anatomy of a Fraud
Credits: 3
Prerequisite: ACCT 100. This course examines the phenomena of financial statement fraud and discusses some of the key forensic accounting concepts and skills used to address this problem. Drawing on historical cases of financial statement fraud as well as the first-hand experience of the instructor, we search for the answers to questions such as: What causes executives to cook the books”? What factors contribute to fraud? What can be done to prevent and detect it? How have regulations changed the landscape of corporate misconduct? What role do auditors, lawyers, employees, the media, and other stakeholders play?”
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ACCT 310 - Accounting Information Systems
Credits: 3
Prerequisite: ACCT 231 and at least junior class standing. An introduction to the information systems used in accounting, including the flow of data from source documents through the accounting cycle into reports for decision makers; the principle of internal control; flowcharting and systems narratives; and use of computers and database systems in accounting information. Students have hands-on experience implementing and using accounting information systems.
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ACCT 311 - Financial Statement Analysis
Credits: 3
Prerequisite: ACCT 231 and at least junior class standing. Students work to prepare an industry and a company analysis. Through presentations, written analyses and extensive work using computer spreadsheets and databases, students learn to analyze and interpret financial statements of publicly traded companies.
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ACCT 330 - Strategic Cost Management and Analysis
Credits: 3
Prerequisite: ACCT 100. This course focuses on the use of cost information in planning and control decisions. Topics include budgeting, performance evaluation, and alternative ways to measure costs to meet different management objectives.
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ACCT 332 - Intermediate Financial Reporting I
Credits: 3
Prerequisite: ACCT 231. An examination of the principles of financial accounting by gathering evidence through the accounting research process as well as exploring revenue recognition, cash, accounts receivable, inventory, and property, plant, and equipment.
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ACCT 333 - Intermediate Financial Reporting II
Credits: 3
Prerequisite: ACCT 332 and at least junior class standing. An examination of financial reporting issues that cover operating and long-term liabilities, income taxes, pensions, leases, and cash flows. The course also continues using the Accounting Standards Codification to explore accounting questions.
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ACCT 358 - Individual Income Taxation & Financial Planning
Credits: 3
Prerequisite: ACCT 100 and at least junior class standing. This course focuses on the tax and non-tax factors to consider when managing personal/family financial affairs. Topics include tax-subsidized savings and investment vehicles, deductions, and credits for individuals and families, executive compensation and fringe benefits, real estate ownership, and intergenerational giving.
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ACCT 359 - Taxation of Business Entities and Special Topics in Taxation
Credits: 3
Prerequisite: ACCT 358. This course begins by establishing a basic understanding of income tax laws as they relate to C corporations and flow-through entities (e.g., partnerships, s-corporations, limited liability corporations). The course includes modules on specialized tax topics such as international taxation, state and local taxation, taxation of investments, accounting for income taxes, and taxation of property.
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ACCT 360 - Auditing
Credits: 3
Prerequisite: ACCT 332 and at least junior class standing. This course examines auditing and its role in a market economy. Course content focuses on the market for audit services, audit planning, evidence gathering, and reporting.
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ACCT 370 - Casino Accounting, Auditing, and Financial Analysis
Credits: 3
Prerequisite: instructor consent. This course provides an introduction to financial accounting and auditing in the gaming industry. Topics include the design and implementation of controls over cash, revenue recognition and measurement, accounting for the extension of casino credit , progressive jackpot liabilities, complimentary expenditures, and customer loyalty programs. Students must be 21 years of age by the first day of Spring classes. Additional course fee required, for which the student is responsible after Friday of the 7th week of winter term.
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ACCT 373 - The Boardroom: A View Behind the Corporate Curtain
Credits: 4
Prerequisite: ACCT 231, FIN 221, or ECON 210. This class is designed to help students understand the framework in which business operates. We discuss corporate governance both from the perspective of the corporation and from the perspectives of the other actors within this framework, such as institutional investors, activist investors, and auditors. The course incorporates working sessions in addition to class that include in-depth financial and corporate governance analyses of the banking industry, including a specific bank traded on NASDAQ. These analyses culminate in the unique opportunity to attend this bank’s annual meeting of shareholders as well as a meeting of the board of directors.
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ACCT 397 - Advanced Topics in Accounting
Credits: 3
Prerequisite: ACCT 231 and senior class standing. Advanced study of specific accounting issues. Pedagogy depends on the specific topic but generally emphasizes discussion, research, fieldwork, projects, or case analysis. Specific course content changes from term to term, and is announced prior to preregistration. May be repeated for degree credit with permission of department head and if topics are different.
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ACCT 398 - Business Analysis and Valuation Using Financial Statements
Credits: 3
Prerequisite: ACCT 333 (may be simultaneously taken with course prerequisite override) and senior class standing. A capstone course designed to expose students to a comprehensive framework that integrates strategy, financial reporting, financial analysis, and business valuation. Students apply concepts from relevant disciplines (e.g., accounting, finance, economics, and business) to develop and justify valuations of entities, assets, and securities. Problem-solving and financial modelling skills are emphasized. Case studies and simulations are used extensively.
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ACCT 401 - Directed Individual Study
Experiential Learning (EXP): Yes
Credits: 1
Prerequisite: instructor consent. The objective is to permit students to follow a course of directed study in some field of accounting not presented in other courses, or to emphasize a particular field of interest. May be repeated for degree credit if the topics are different.
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ACCT 402 - Directed Individual Study
Experiential Learning (EXP): Yes
Credits: 2
Prerequisite: instructor consent. The objective is to permit students to follow a course of directed study in some field of accounting not presented in other courses, or to emphasize a particular field of interest. May be repeated for degree credit if the topics are different.
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ACCT 403 - Directed Individual Study
Experiential Learning (EXP): Yes
Credits: 3
Prerequisite: instructor consent. The objective is to permit students to follow a course of directed study in some field of accounting not presented in other courses, or to emphasize a particular field of interest. May be repeated for degree credit if the topics are different.
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ACCT 452 - Volunteer Income Tax Assistance
Experiential Learning (EXP): Yes
Credits: 2
Prerequisite: Prerequisites: ACCT 358 and instructor consent. Students prepare federal and state income tax returns for individuals with low to moderate income, persons with disabilities, the elderly, and individuals with limited English proficiency. To accomplish this, students need to be certified by the IRS which involves completing an online course and passing a certification exam. May be repeated once for a total of four credits.
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ACCT 454 - Internship
Experiential Learning (EXP): Yes
Credits: 4
Prerequisite: Accounting major. Accounting- or finance-related internship. Limited to declared ACCT majors. Students apply with the department’s internship supervisor in order to receive consent to register. May be carried out during the summer. May be repeated for credit.
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ACCT 493 - Honors Thesis
Experiential Learning (EXP): Yes
Credits: 3
Prerequisite: 12 credits in Accounting courses, excluding ACCT 100; cumulative grade-point average of 3.600 or greater; and senior class standing. Development of and production of an Honors Thesis. Students are responsible for arranging for a thesis sponsor from among Accounting and Finance faculty.
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Africana Studies |
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AFCA 130 - Introduction to Africana Studies
FDR: HU Humanities Distribution
Credits: 3
This seminar, taught collaboratively in four discrete modules, introduces students to the issues, debates, and moments which have shaped and continue to shape the broad and complex field of Africana Studies and the multifaceted experiences and aspirations of peoples of African descent. Among other effects, students who take this class gain a broad appreciation of the historical and philosophical context necessary for understanding the specific identities and contributions to world cultures and civilizations of Africans, African Americans, and Africans in the greater Diaspora; and develop thinking, analytical, writing, and collaborative skills as students complete a major project with one or more of their classmates.
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AFCA 240 - Ebony and Ivory: Spirituals and The Sacred Harp
FDR: HA Fine Arts Distribution
Credits: 3
Forged in the furnace of chattel slavery, Negro spirituals combined African musical practices and the oral tradition of story-telling with texts from biblical sources to give voice to the sorrow and hope of the enslaved. At the same time, the white people of antebellum America were singing songs they learned in a tradition of written symbols dating back to Guido of Arezzo (ca. 1000 CE), codified and collected in oblong tune books, the most famous of which was The Sacred Harp of 1843. Through readings, listening assignments, films, student presentations, and in-class singing, we will explore the origins and legacies of spirituals and shapednote songs of the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries.
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AFCA 265 - Constructing Black Lives in Film and Literature
ENGL 265 FDR: HL Literature Distribution
Credits: 3
In this cultural studies course, we will pay close attention to the ways in which 19th, 20th and 21st century African American life narratives are constructed on film and in literature. In fact, our work together will consider a wide variety of texts: TED Talks, classic, contemporary, and documentary films, fiction, music lyrics, autobiography and memoir, theater, advertisements, and even visual art at the museum. Our goal will be to investigate the impact of historical events and processes upon Black people, the ways Black identities are performed, and the relationship between race, class, gender, religion, and sexuality. Overall, the class topic will allow us to engage in vibrant interdisciplinary scholarship and to practice building strong arguments.
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AFCA 266 - Introduction to African American Literature
ENGL 266 FDR: HL Literature Distribution
Credits: 3
Prerequisite: completion of FDR:FW requirement. Same as ENGL 266. This course offers an introduction to African American literature from the 1700s to the present. We will ground our inquiry across these centuries by attending to the role writing has played in the fight for freedom, in different ways of thinking about Blackness, in redefining citizenship, in evolving stylistic conventions, in responding to the political needs of the moment, in (re)writing gender expectations, and in an ever-changing landscape of American literary history. Potential writers include: Phyllis Wheatley Peters, David Walker, Frederick Douglass, Harriet Jacobs, James McCune Smith, W.E.B. Du Bois, Nella Larsen, Zora Neale Hurston, Angelina Weld Grimke, Charles Chesnutt, Chester Himes, Ralph Ellison, James Baldwin, Amiri Baraka, Audre Lorde, Octavia Butler, and Toni Morrison.
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AFCA 286 - Black Writers and the Allure of Paris
ENGL 286
Experiential Learning (EXP): Yes
Credits: 4
Same as ENGL 286. During two weeks on campus and two in Paris, students are immersed in the literary works of African American writers of the Harlem Renaissance through the mid-20th century, reading work by writers like Jessie Fauset, Gwendolyn Bennett, Claude McKay, Langston Hughes, James Baldwin, Richard Wright, and Chester Himes. In preparation for traveling to Paris, the site that represented new and promising possibilities for cultural exploration and artistic inspiration, we study how these literary texts examine the modern reality of racial identity. We also assess the significance of Paris as a site of cultural production and as a site of representation for early- to mid-20th century African American writers.
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AFCA 295 - Seminar in Africana Studies
Credits: 3-4
Prerequisite: completion of FDR:FW requirement. Students in this course study a group of African-American, African, or Afro-Caribbean works related by theme, culture, topic, genre, historical period, or critical approach. In the Spring Term version, the course involves field trips, film screenings, service learning, and/or other special projects, as appropriate, in addition to 8-10 hours per week of class meetings. May be repeated for degree credit if the topics are different.
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AFCA 346 - Early African American Print Culture
FDR: HL Literature Distribution
Credits: 3
Prerequisite: an English course numbered between 201 and 295 and another English course numbered between 222 and 299. Same as ENGL 346. This course offers an examination of the early African American print culture as a way to explore both the larger history of print in the early American republic through the 19th century and the consolidation of a Black identity. We pay particular attention to the collective development of Black print personas and public discourse as well as to the development of the early African American novel. We may also consider several aesthetic and rhetorical strategies at play, such as the representation of voice through text and the ways print-black type on white pages-served as a metaphor for the (re)production of racializing paradigms. Possible writers and texts include Phillis Wheatley Peters, Olaudah Equiano, Frederick Douglass’ Paper, James McCune Smith, the “Afric-American Picture Gallery”, William Wells Brown, and The Garies and Their Friends. There will be opportunities for archival research, either through Special Collections or digital databases.
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AFCA 403 - Directed Individual Study
Credits: 3
Prerequisite: instructor consent. This course facilitates individual reading, research, and writing in an area of Africana Studies not covered in-depth in other courses. May be repeated for degree credit and/or used for the capstone requirement in the minor in Africana Studies.
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Arabic |
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ARAB 111 - First-Year Arabic I
Credits: 4
Prerequisite: has not completed ARAB 162 or ARAB 164. An introductory course in written and spoken Arabic, focusing on basic grammar and speaking. Aspects of Arab culture introduced.
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ARAB 112 - First-Year Arabic II
Credits: 4
Prerequisite: ARAB 111 with a grade of C- or greater and has not completed either ARAB 162 or ARAB 164. This course builds communicative skills in written and spoken Arabic, emphasizing foundational grammar and speaking. Continued introduction to cultural practices of the Arab world.
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ARAB 151 - Arabic for Experienced Beginners
Credits: 4
Prerequisite: has not completed ARAB 162 or ARAB 164. This course expands on basic grammar and vocabulary knowledge, building communicative skills in written and spoken Arabic through intensive listening, reading, speaking, and writing exercises. Aspects of Arab culture introduced. Ability to read and write Arabic and an active knowledge of at least 300 words.
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ARAB 161 - Second-Year Arabic I
Credits: 4
Prerequisite: ARAB 112 or ARAB 151 either with a grade of C or greater and has not completed either ARAB 162 or ARAB 164. Building on basic grammar and vocabulary knowledge, this course emphasizes speaking and writing, as well as listening comprehension and reading. Students introduced with popular Arab culture.
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ARAB 162 - Second-Year Arabic II
FDR: FL World Language Foundation
Credits: 4
Prerequisite: ARAB 161 with a grade of C or greater. A continuation of Second-Year Arabic focused on speaking and writing, in addition to listening comprehension and reading. Increased familiarization with popular Arab culture. Students with credit in ARAB 162 may not receive subsequent credit in a lower numbered Arabic course. Students may not receive degree credit for both ARAB 162 and 164.
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ARAB 164 - Advanced Intermediate Arabic
FDR: FL World Language Foundation
Credits: 4
Prerequisite: ARAB 161 with a grade of C or greater. This course emphasizes on reading and composition skills, with intensive practice in speaking and listening. Nightly assignments to help students reach a high-intermediate level of proficiency in one term. Students with credit in ARAB 164 may not receive subsequent credit in a lower numbered Arabic course. Students may not receive degree credit for both ARAB 162 and 164.
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ARAB 211 - Third-Year Arabic I
Credits: 3
Prerequisite: ARAB 162 or ARAB 164. This course expands on grammar concepts and vocabulary knowledge with practical applications of listening, speaking, reading, and writing. Social and political aspects of Arab culture are introduced.
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ARAB 212 - Third-Year Arabic II
Credits: 3
Prerequisite: ARAB 211 A continuation of third-year Arabic reinforces grammar and vocabulary through listening, speaking, reading, and writing. Continued emphasis on social norms and political dimensions of Arab culture.
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ARAB 220 - Media Arabic
FDR: HU Humanities Distribution
Credits: 3
Prerequisite: ARAB 211 A language-focused course that provides students with vocabulary and discourse structures common in today’s Arabic media coverage. Weekly topics are culled from various news outlets (e.g., Al-Jazeera, AJ-Arabiyya, BBC Arabic, YouTube, AJ-Ahram, An-Nahar, AI-Dustour) which serve to familiarize students with a broad range of current sociopolitical, economic, and cultural issues.
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ARAB 225 - Arabic Dialects
FDR: HU Humanities Distribution
Credits: 3
Prerequisite: ARAB 212. Taught in Arabic. An introduction to three Arabic dialects, in particular those used in Morocco, Egypt, and the Emirates. Students learn the sounds, key vocabulary, and sentence structures particular to these dialects, and develop their listening comprehension abilities and communication skills. This practical course is designed to prepare students to engage in authentic interactions with Arabic speakers in North Africa and the Middle East.
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ARAB 395 - Special Topics in Arabic Literature and Culture
Credits: 1-3
Prerequisite: ARAB 211 with a grade of C or greater. An advanced seminar on a particular author, period, or genre. Topics may include Arab Short Stories, Classical Arabic Poetry, Travelogues in Arabic Literature, Arabic Pop Culture and Music, and Arabic Media. Conducted in Arabic. The subject changes annually. May be repeated for degree credit if the topics are different.
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ARAB 402 - 400-Level Non-FDR Major
Credits: 0-2
Prerequisite: instructor consent. Arab 402.
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ARAB 403 - Directed Individual Study
Credits: 3
Prerequisite: instructor consent. Advanced study in Arabic. May include formal writing and conversational Arabic, and literary study of texts in Arabic. The nature and content of the course is determined by the students’ needs and by an evaluation of their previous work. May be repeated for degree credit if the topics are different.
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Art History |
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ARTH 101 - Survey of Western Art: Ancient to Medieval
FDR: HA Fine Arts Distribution
Credits: 3
Chronological survey of Western art from the Paleolithic Age through the Middle Ages in Italy and Northern Europe. Examination of cultural and stylistic influences in the art and architecture of ancient Mesopotamia, Egypt, Greece, and Rome. Consideration of distinct interests of Early Christian, Byzantine, and Medieval Europe. Focus on major monuments and influential images produced up to circa 1400.
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ARTH 102 - Survey of Western Art: Renaissance to the Present
FDR: HA Fine Arts Distribution
Credits: 3
Chronological survey of Western art from the Renaissance through the present. Topics include the Renaissance, from its cultural and stylistic origins through the Mannerist movement; the Baroque and Rococo; the Neoclassical reaction; Romanticism and Naturalism; the Barbizon School and Realism; Impressionism and its aftermath; Fauvism, Cubism, Dada, Surrealism, Abstract Expressionism, Pop, Minimalism, and the Postmodern reaction to Modernism.
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ARTH 125 - The Business of Contemporary Art
FDR: HA Fine Arts Distribution
Credits: 4
Same as BUS 125. This course combines finance, tax policy, marketing, economics, and art history to provide a ‘nuts-and-bolts’ view of how the contemporary art world operates. Appropriate for business students with an interest in contemporary art as well as museum studies and art history majors who wish to gain an understanding of business concepts in the art world, the course serves as preparation for students who may anticipate acquiring art for personal or business investment/use, serving on a museum board, pursuing employment in the art world, or advising high wealth clients on business matters related to art. Each topic begins with an overview of general principles before reviewing applications to the art world. For example, discussion of charitable giving covers the general tax rules of charitable deductions before discussing the specific rules related to art and museums. Additional course fee.
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ARTH 130 - African American Art
FDR: HA Fine Arts Distribution
Credits: 3
This course focuses on the creative production, contemporary reception, and critical interpretation of African American art from the colonial period to the present. While visual representations of and by African Americans provide the content for this course, the broader issues they raise are applicable to images, objects, and structures from a variety of cultures and civilizations. Indeed, this course will engage at least three general themes central to art historical and visual cultural studies generally: 1. Cultural encounters within colonial contexts; 2. Constructions of “race” and “blackness” within African American art; and 3. Conceptualizations of “blackness” as it underpins “Modernism” in 20th-21st century.
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ARTH 140 - Asian Art
FDR: HA Fine Arts Distribution
Credits: 3
A survey of artistic traditions from South (including the Himalayan region), East, and Southeast Asia from roughly the 1st to the 18th centuries CE. The course focuses on a wide range of media - including architecture, sculpture, painting, textiles, and book arts - that serve a spectrum of religious and secular functions. The broad temporal, geographic, and topical scope of this course is meant to provide students with a basic understanding of not only the greatest artistic achievements and movements in Asia, but also the historical and political contexts that gave rise to these extraordinary pieces of art.
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ARTH 141 - Buddhist Art of South and Central Asia
FDR: HA Fine Arts Distribution
Credits: 3
This course investigates the multivalent world of Buddhist art from South and Central Asia, particularly areas that now fall within the modern-day boundaries of India, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Uzbekistan, China, Tibet, and Nepal. We study the nascent forms of Buddhist imagery and its ritual functions from the Indo-Pak subcontinent, focus on monumental sculpture and cave architecture of Central Asia (Afghanistan and the Tarim Basin) and issues of iconoclasm, and study the art and iconography of the Himalayas, as well as current-day production and restoration practices of Tantric Buddhist art.
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ARTH 146 - Introduction to Cultural Heritage and Museum Studies: Problems of Ownership and Curation
FDR: HU Humanities Distribution
Credits: 3
Cultural heritage objects are powerful artifacts to own, display, and even destroy. But why? This introductory course explores the ways art and cultural heritage objects have been stolen, laundered, purchased, curated, and destroyed in order to express political, religious, and cultural messages. Case studies and current events are studied equally to shed light on practices of looting and iconoclasm. Some of the questions we consider: What is the relationship between art and war? Under what conditions should museums return artifacts to the country/ethnic group from which the artifacts originated? What role do auction houses play in laundering art objects? What nationalist agendas are at work when cultural heritage objects are claimed by modem nation states or terrorist groups?
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ARTH 170 - Arts of Mesoamerica and the Andes
FDR: HA Fine Arts Distribution
Credits: 3
Survey of the art and architecture of Mesoamerica and the Andes before the arrival of the Europeans, with a focus on indigenous civilizations including the Olmec, Maya, Aztec, and Inca. Art is contextualized in terms of religious, social, political, and economic developments in each region under discussion. The class includes a trip to the Virginia Museum of fine Arts in Richmond or the National Gallery in Washington, D.C. This course fulfills the Arts and Humanities requirement for the LACS minor.
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ARTH 180 - FS: First-Year Seminar
FDR: HA Fine Arts Distribution
Credits: 3
Prerequisite: first-year student class standing. First-year seminar. Topics vary by term.
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ARTH 195 - Special Topics in Art History
FDR: HA Fine Arts Distribution
Credits: 3-4
Selected topics in art history with written and oral reports. May be repeated if topics are different.
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ARTH 200 - Greek Art & Archaeology
CLAS 200 FDR: HA Fine Arts Distribution
Credits: 3
An introduction to ancient Greek art and archaeology. We encounter some of the greatest works of art in human history, as we survey the development of painting, sculpture, architecture, and town planning of the ancient Greeks. We encounter the history of the people behind the objects that they left behind, from the material remains of the Bronze Age palaces and Classical Athenian Acropolis to the world created in the wake of Alexander the Great’s conquests. We also consider how we experience the ancient Greek world today through archaeological practice, cultural heritage, and the antiquities trade.
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ARTH 204 - Art Works: Careers for Art Majors and Minors
Credits: 1
Same as ARTS 204. This one-credit course prepares Art and Art History students to find internships and jobs. It assesses students’ abilities and skills, provides resources about a variety of industries that majors pursue, helps students develop professional development tools, coaches them through mock interviews and networking, and showcases how to search and apply for internships and post-graduate opportunities.
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ARTH 209 - History of Western Architecture
FDR: HA Fine Arts Distribution
Credits: 3
A survey of Western architecture, including material from the ancient world to the 20th century, addressing the major traditions of architectural visual culture and practice. The course investigates the ways in which architecture has been designed to frame the significant socio-religious and political contexts of historical cultures.
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ARTH 211 - Islamic Art and Architecture
FDR: HA Fine Arts Distribution
Credits: 3
This survey course introduces the art and architecture of the Islamic world from the origins of Islam in the 7th Century C.E. to the present day. Students will develop analytical and conceptual tools through rigorous engagement with a diverse set of buildings, artworks, and relevant textual sources (all available in English translation). Lectures will emphasize a diversity of methodological approaches to the visual traditions of the Islamic World, while also critically engaging with the field’s complicated status within the History of Art.
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ARTH 212 - Islamic Art and Architecture: The First 400 Years
FDR: HA Fine Arts Distribution
Credits: 3
The 7th Century CE/1st Century AH was a time of great political, cultural, and religious change in Eurasia. Amid a power vacuum created by conflict between warring Byzantium and Sasanian Iran, a polity emerged, drawing authority from a new faith, Islam. For the subsequent 400 years following the initial Islamic conquest, a series of Caliphates sponsored the construction of vast urban spaces, monuments, mosques, palaces, and other structures, some of which have remained in continuous use since. Alongside this, patronage of the visual arts more broadly including manuscripts, ivories, metalwork, and other media also thrived. The course will consider how this artistic and architectural output came to define Islamic Art as a visual tradition and as an academic discipline. It will do so by tracing artistic developments across the early Islamic world, ranging from the Iberian Peninsula in the West to North Africa, the Middle East, and Central Asia.
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ARTH 214 - The Art History of the Qur’an
FDR: HA Fine Arts Distribution
Credits: 4
Shortly after its revelation in the 7th Century, the Qur’an became an object of aesthetic and artistic attention. This class will explore the art historical development of Quranic manuscripts, architectural inscriptions, calligraphy, and other examples from the 7th century to the present day. Visits to the Special Collections department at Leyburn Library and to the American Museum of Asian Art in Washington DC will provide hands on experience with a number of Qur’an manuscripts.
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ARTH 216 - Nature Through Many Lenses: A Cross-Cultural Exploration of the More-than-Human World
ARTS 216 FDR: HA
Experiential Learning (EXP): Yes
Credits: 4
In this class we will explore how different artistic traditions have interfaced with the natural world. Team-taught by an art historian and a painter, the class includes diverse projects drawn from both disciplines. Each week is structured around a different art historical tradition. We will study depictions of the natural world in Arab, Persian, and Mughal painting traditions, Japanese byobu screens, women’s contributions to European scientific illustration, and Hudson River School plein-air painting. These units will blend art historical lectures, discussions, readings, and research with related studio art exercises. Studio art activities will include workshops on miniature painting, gold leaf, cyanotypes, botanical illustration, and painting from life outdoors. The class will also include a field trip to the Oak Spring Garden Foundation in Upperville, VA, to visit their rare books library, artist-in-residence program, and gardens. The term will culminate in a collaborative exhibition for students to present both their art works and art historical contexts for their work.
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ARTH 230 - Harlem Renaissance Art
FDR: HA Fine Arts Distribution
Credits: 3
The Harlem Renaissance, also referred to as the New Negro Movement, stands as a towering and defining cultural moment in 20th-century American history. It was in some respects the period in which African American artists, writers, poets and others tabled bold new agendas for the ways in which they, as individuals, and as a nation-within-a-nation, might advance in what was to become the American century. This class will consider the multiple factors that gave rise to this astonishing and compelling cultural moment. The mixed results of the reconstruction era; the Great Migration, which saw very large numbers of African Americans move from the South to other parts of the country, namely the West coast and the great northern industrial centers; the defining contribution of Howard Professor Alain Locke, and so on. The class will also look at the variety of cultural expressions and artistic practices emerging out of the new epicenter of Black American life, Harlem. The Harlem Renaissance is of course something of a misnomer. It was not limited to Harlem, but in effect took place in many different parts of the US, from San Francisco to Chicago. Furthermore, it was perhaps a cultural birth, as much as it was a cultural rebirth, hence the important differentiation between the New Negro and the Old predecessor. Setting the Harlem Renaissance into a multiplicity of contexts, from African American art practices of the 19th century, to the reception African Americans received in European cities such as Paris, the class will be hugely informative, not just on what African American artists were doing in the early 20th century, but also the ways in which so many of today’s debates and questions on race matters in the US can be traced back to what was happening in the country a century ago.
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ARTH 240 - Arts of China
FDR: HA Fine Arts Distribution
Credits: 3
This broad-based investigation of Chinese art from the Neolithic period to the present examines a wide spectrum of media: painting, illustrated scrolls, architecture, ceramics, and sculpture. This general survey will be paired with single-focused analyses of materials, issues, and genres particular to Chines art, such as the use of jade, development of ceramics, lore of calligraphy, and tradition of landscape painting. To this end, we use objects from the W&L Special Collections.
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ARTH 241 - The Arts of Japan
FDR: HA Fine Arts Distribution
Credits: 3
This survey of Japanese art, which includes material from protohistoric times to the 20th century, is structured chronologically with lectures addressing seminal artistic developments and movements throughout Japan’s history. Central to this course is an investigation of the ways in which Japan’s dynamic socio-political contexts shaped its religious and political artistic developments.
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ARTH 242 - Arts of India
FDR: HA Fine Arts Distribution
Credits: 3
This course explores the artistic traditions of India from the earliest extant material evidence of the Indus Valley Civilization (circa 2500 BCE) to the elaborate painting and architectural traditions of the Mughal period (circa 16th - 18th centuries). The course analyzes the religious and ritual uses of temples, paintings, and sculptures, as well as their political role in expressing imperial ideologies.
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ARTH 243 - Imaging Tibet
FDR: HA Fine Arts Distribution
Credits: 4
An examination of images and imaging practices of the early 1900s to the present in order to define and analyze the ways in which both Western and Asian (particularly Tibetan and Chinese) artists have imagined Tibet and its people.
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ARTH 245 - Ancient Cultures, New Markets: Modern and Contemporary Asian Art
FDR: HA Fine Arts Distribution
Credits: 3
This course examines the art movements of the last one hundred years from India, China, Tibet, and Japan primarily through the lenses of the larger sociopolitical movements that informed much of Asia’s cultural discourses: Colonialism, Post-Colonialism, Socialism, Communism, and Feminism. We also address debates concerning non-Western 20th-century art as peripheral to the main canons of Modern and Contemporary art. By the end of the course, students have created a complex picture of Asian art/artists, and have engaged broader concepts of transnationalism, as well as examined the roles of galleries, museums, and auction houses in establishing market value and biases in acquisition practices. Meets simultaneously with ARTH 394B-01. Students may not register or receive credit for both.
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ARTH 253 - Medieval Art in Southern Europe
FDR: HA Fine Arts Distribution
Credits: 3
Examination of the art and culture of Italy and Greece from the rise of Christianity to the first appearance of bubonic plague in 1348. Topics include early Christian art and architecture; Byzantine imagery in Ravenna and Constantinople during the Age of Justinian; iconoclasm; mosaics in Greece, Venice and Sicily; sculpture in Pisa; and the development of panel and fresco painting in Rome, Florence, Siena and Assisi.
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ARTH 254 - Medieval Art in Northern Europe
FDR: HA Fine Arts Distribution
Credits: 3
Survey of the art of France, Spain, Germany, and the British Isles from circa 700 to circa 1400. Discussions include Carolingian and Ottonian painting and architecture, Celtic and Anglo-Saxon manuscripts, and French cathedral design and decoration during the Romanesque and Gothic periods.
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ARTH 255 - Northern Renaissance Art
FDR: HA Fine Arts Distribution
Credits: 3
A survey of Northern painting from 1300 to 1600, examined as symbols of political, religious, and social concerns of painters, patrons, and viewers. Among the artists covered are Campin, van Eyck, van der Weyden, Durer, Holbein, and Brueghel. Emphasis placed on interpretation of meaning and visual analysis.
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ARTH 256 - Italian Renaissance Art
FDR: HA Fine Arts Distribution
Credits: 3
Survey of the art and architecture of Italy during the 15th and 16th centuries. The course focuses on innovations of the Early, High, and Late Renaissance through the work of Brunelleschi, Donatello, Masaccio, Alberti, Leonardo, Bramante, Raphael, and Michelangelo. Images are considered as exponents of contemporary political, social, and religious events and perceptions.
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ARTH 257 - Dutch Arts, Patrons, and Markets
FDR: HA Fine Arts Distribution
Credits: 3
During the 17th century, the practices of making and buying art boomed as never before in the Dutch Republic. With the creation of the first large-scale open art market, prosperous Dutch merchants, artisans, and civil servants bought paintings and prints in unprecedented numbers. Dutch 17th-century art saw the rise of new subjects, and landscapes, still lifes, and scenes of daily life replaced religious images and scenes from classical mythology. Portraiture also flourished in this prosperous atmosphere.
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ARTH 258 - Baroque and Rococo Art
FDR: HA Fine Arts Distribution
Credits: 3
A survey of the art and architecture that focuses on the stylistic and ideological issues shaping western Europe during 17th and 18th centuries.
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ARTH 261 - History of Photography
FDR: HA Fine Arts Distribution
Credits: 3
An art-historical introduction to the history of photography, from its origins in the 19th century to the present day. Lectures and discussions examine photography’s aesthetic, documentary, and scientific purposes; important contributors to photography and its history; the evolution of the camera and related technical processes; and issues of photographic theory and criticism. Photography is considered as a medium with its own rich history - bearing in mind stylistic shifts and changes in subject matter related to aesthetic, social, and cultural concerns - but also as a key component in the wider narrative of modern art.
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ARTH 262 - 19th-Century European Art
FDR: HA Fine Arts Distribution
Credits: 3
This course begins in the late 18th century and covers major European art movements and criticism up to c.1900. Topics include the art of the French Revolution as an instrument of propaganda; the rise of Romanticism; the advent and impact of early photography; and the aesthetic and ideological origins of Modern Art.
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ARTH 263 - 20th-Century European Art
FDR: HA Fine Arts Distribution
Credits: 3
This course covers major European art movements and criticism from the late 19th century through the 20th century. Lectures and discussions explore the implications of what it means for art to be/appear modern,” the social and aesthetic goals of the early avant-garde, the “rise and fall” of abstraction, and artistic responses to post-war mass culture. Movements discussed include Fauvism, Cubism, Futurism, Dada, Surrealism, Abstract Expressionism, and New Realism.”
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ARTH 264 - Surrealism
FDR: HA Fine Arts Distribution
Credits: 3
Surrealism was one of the most multi-faceted and influential intellectual movements of the 20th century with a legacy and practice that continues today. This seminar examines the key writings and ideas that underlie surrealism with a focus on its artistic practice. We will consider works by artists including Salvador DalÃ, René Magritte, and Max Ernst; watch surrealist films; discuss the significance of dreams; and play surrealist games of chance.
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ARTH 266 - American Art to 1945
FDR: HA Fine Arts Distribution
Credits: 3
A survey of painting and sculpture in the United States from its earliest settlement to about 1945. Lectures and discussions emphasize the English eastern seaboard development in the 17th and 18th centuries, though other geographical areas are included in the 19th and 20th centuries. Topics include art of the early colonies, the Hudson River School, Realism and Regionalism, and the reception of abstract art in the United States.
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ARTH 267 - Art Since 1945
FDR: HA Fine Arts Distribution
Credits: 3
This course introduces students to art and art theory from 1945 to the present. The objectives of the course are: (1) to enhance student knowledge of the major works, artists, and movements of art in Europe and the United States since 1945; (2) to integrate these works of art within the broader social and intellectual history of the period; and (3) to help students develop their skills in visual analysis and historical interpretation. Among the issues we examine are the politics of abstract art; the ongoing dialogue between art and mass culture; the differences between modernism and postmodernism; and contemporary critiques of art history’s prevailing narratives. This is a lecture course with a heavy emphasis on in-class discussion.
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ARTH 268 - Modern Art in Barcelona
FDR: HA Fine Arts Distribution
Experiential Learning (EXP): Yes
Credits: 4
Spanning the years 1888 to 1939, a period bookended by the Barcelona Universal Exposition and the end of the Spanish Civil War, this course provides a firsthand look at the artists, architects, and designers who defined Catalan modern art in the late-19th and early 20thcentury. Students will study the aesthetic and socio-political circumstances of the ‘Renaixança;’ ‘Noucentisme;’ and the young artists who merged to define modern European art - famous names that include Picasso, Miró, and Dalí. We will then turn to the national capital, Madrid, to visit some of these artist’s most celebrated artworks. Anticipated site visits during our abroad experience include Gaudí’s Palau Güell, Casa Batlló, the Fundació Joan Miró, the Fudació Gala-Salvador Dalí, and the Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina.
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ARTH 271 - Arts of Colonial Latin America
FDR: HA Fine Arts Distribution
Credits: 3
A survey of the art and architecture of Latin America from the 16th through 18th centuries. This course begins with an exploration of the art of the Aztec, Maya, Inca, and Spanish before cultural contact. Classes then explore the cultural convergence that resulted from the European military and spiritual conquest in the 16th century, focusing on the role of indigenous artists and traditions in the formation of early colonial culture. Later lectures consider the rise of nationalism and its effect on the arts. This course fulfills the Arts and Humanities requirement for the LACS minor.
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ARTH 274 - Art and Revolution: Mexican Muralism
FDR: HA Fine Arts Distribution
Credits: 3
A survey of public monumental art produced by Mexican artists Diego Rivera, José Clemente Orozco, and David Alfaro Siqueiros in Mexico and the United States from 1910 to the 1970s. Lectures focus on art that promotes social ideals and the role that art played in building a new national consciousness in Mexico. Students also examine the impact of Mexican muralism throughout Latin America and the United States. This course fulfills the Arts and Humanities requirement for the LACS minor.
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ARTH 275 - Community Muralism: The Art of Public Engagement
FDR: HA Fine Arts Distribution
Experiential Learning (EXP): Yes
Credits: 4
Same as ARTS 275. Our nation is currently witnessing a community mural renaissance. Public murals help to create welcoming and inclusive public spaces, build and solidify community identity, commemorate individuals or events, arouse social consciousness or impact social change, and recognize the voices of traditionally disempowered groups. During the term, we trace the historical development of community murals. Students participate in studio exercises that give them experience with a variety of methods, materials, and techniques necessary to plan, design, and produce a largescale community mural. We produce and document a mural in collaboration with a local community partner.
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ARTH 276 - Chicana/o Art and Muralism: From the Street to the (Staniar) Gallery
FDR: HA Fine Arts Distribution
Credits: 4
This class examines the process by which Chicana/o artists have garnered public attention and respect, taking their artworks from the peripheries of the art world to museum and gallery spaces. Using the half-mile long mural entitled The Great Wall of Los Angeles as a connecting thread, this class considers the broad theme of identity creation and transformation as expressed by Chicana/o artists from the 1970s to the present. This course fulfills the Arts and Humanities requirement for the LACS minor. Open to all students.
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ARTH 288 - Chinese Export Porcelain and the China Trade, 1500 to 1900
FDR: HA Fine Arts Distribution
Credits: 3
This course covers the development and history of Chinese export porcelain made for the European and American markets and its role as a commodity in the China Trade. Students examine Chinese export porcelain from several different perspectives, including art history, material culture, and economic history.
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ARTH 295 - Special Topics in Art History
FDR: HA Fine Arts Distribution
Credits: 3-4
Selected topics in art history with written and oral reports. May be repeated for degree credit if the topics are different.
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ARTH 302 - Between Things and Art
FDR: HA Fine Arts Distribution
Credits: 3
In the West, we are used to knowing what art is - grandiose paintings, monumental sculptures, and delicate drawings, all housed in stately museums. But is that characterization of art relevant any longer? This course investigates other ways that art can be understood, pulling from a variety of theoretical and historical contexts. We discuss broader interdisciplinary concepts and dig more deeply into specific historical contexts in order to consider what can make things significant.
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ARTH 311 - Colonialism, Postcolonialism, Neocolonialism and the Study of Art in the Middle East
FDR: HA Fine Arts Distribution
Credits: 3
How does the study of art and architectural history interface with colonial, postcolonial, and neocolonial structures of power? This is a pressing question for those who study the visual cultures of the Middle East, a region in which these power structures have had considerable impact historically as well as in the contemporary moment. This class will consider from theoretical and practical vantage points how colonial, postcolonial, and neocolonial systems and institutions have governed or influenced the methods of study, scope, and modes of display of historical art from the Middle East. Topics will include colonial-era collection and museum practices, Orientalism and its critics, post-colonial nationalist discourses and art history, cultural heritage in and during the ‘wars on terror’, and visual discourses of contemporary Islamophobia.
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ARTH 342 - Love, Loyalty, and Lordship: Court Art of India, 1500s to1800s
FDR: HA
Credits: 3
During the 16th-19th centuries, India’s Hindu and Islamic courts, as well as British imperial forces, vied for political authority and control over the subcontinent. Despite the political and economic volatility of the time, the regional courts commissioned spectacular secular and religious arts in the form of illustrated narratives, miniature paintings, and architectural masterpieces. This course focuses on this rich artistic heritage. As we analyze the courts’ painted and built environments, we investigate three recurring themes: love (of court, God and, in some cases, an individual); loyalty (to courtly values, religious ideals, and ruler); and lordship (over land, animals, and people).
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ARTH 343 - Art and Material Culture of Tibet
FDR: HA Fine Arts Distribution
Credits: 3
Through a chronological presentation of sites and objects, we study Tibet’s great artistic movements from the 7th-20th centuries. Our analyses of the art and material culture of Tibet, and its larger cultural zone, has an art historical and historiographic focus. This two-pronged approach encourages students to analyze not only the styles and movements of Tibetan art, but the methods by which this art world has been studied by and simultaneously presented to Western audiences.
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ARTH 347 - Forget Me Not: Visual Culture of Historic and Religious Memorials
FDR: HA Fine Arts Distribution
Credits: 4
This class analyzes the visual material of memorial sites that shape social identity. Whether simple or elaborate in their construction, these creations allow people the space to connect with and/or honor a person or event from the historic or even mythological past. This global and thematic examination of memorials considers three primary foci: the built environment of a memorial; the performative role of visitors; and the function of memory at these sites. No prerequisites. Appropriate for students of all class years.
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ARTH 350 - Medieval Art in Italy
FDR: HA Fine Arts Distribution
Credits: 3
Art and architecture of the Italian peninsula, from circa 1200 to 1400. This seminar addresses issues of patronage, artistic training and methods of production, iconography, and the function of religious and secular imagery. Topics of discussion include the construction of Tuscan cathedrals and civic buildings; sculpture in Siena, Pisa, and Rome; and painting in Assisi, Padua, and Florence.
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ARTH 354 - The Early Renaissance in Italy
FDR: HA Fine Arts Distribution
Credits: 3
Examination of the intellectual, cultural, and artistic movements dominant in Florence between ca. 1400 and ca. 1440. Images and structures produced by Ghiberti, Brunelleschi, Masaccio, Donatello, and Fra Angelico are considered within the context of Florentine social traditions and political events.
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ARTH 355 - The High Renaissance in Italy
FDR: HA Fine Arts Distribution
Credits: 3
Prerequisite: ARTH 256 This seminar addresses issues of patronage, artistic production, criticism and art theory, and the uses and abuses of images during the High Renaissance. Works by Botticelli, Leonardo, Michelangelo, Raphael and Bramante are considered as emblems of larger cultural movements popular in Italian courts between 1470 and 1520.
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ARTH 356 - Science in Art: Technical Examination of 17th-Century Dutch Paintings
FDR: HA Fine Arts Distribution
Experiential Learning (EXP): Yes
Credits: 4
Prerequisite: instructor consent. A survey of 17th-century Dutch history, art history, politics, religion, economics, etc., which links the scientific analysis of art to the art and culture of the time. The course begins on campus and then history, etc., will occur for a few days in Lexington and then proceed to Center for European Studies, Universiteit Maastricht, The Netherlands. Students visit numerous museums, hear guest lectures from faculty at Universiteit Maastricht, and observe at conservation laboratories at some of the major Dutch art museums. Students are graded by their performance on two research projects involving presentations and journals. Though students are not required to learn a world language to participate in the program, they are expected to learn key phrases in Dutch as a matter of courtesy to citizens of the host country. Spring Term Abroad course.
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ARTH 360 - History and Theory of Photography
FDR: HA Fine Arts Distribution
Credits: 3
This seminar investigates the invention and development of photography in Europe and the United States—from its inception in the first half of the nineteenth century to its transformation in the Modernist period. The course examines contemporary developments and ongoing theorization of the field of photography, broadly defined. Course material and discussions consider historical debates surrounding photography as an art form and engage questions of aesthetics, artistic agency, and popular culture.
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ARTH 364 - Seminar on Art of the 1960s
FDR: HA
Credits: 3
An exploration of the art produced during the decade of the 1960s. A seminal period, it includes Pop Art, Post-Painterly Abstraction, Minimalism, and socially conscious and politically oriented art reflecting feminism and black radicalism. Emphasis is placed not only on the major artistic currents of the period but also on the broader cultural reflections of these movements. .
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ARTH 365 - Women, Art, and Empowerment
FDR: HA Fine Arts Distribution
Credits: 3
This seminar explores female artists from the late 18th century through the present, whose depictions of women have directly challenged the value system in art history that has traditionally privileged white heterosexual male artists, audiences, collectors, historians, curators, etc. Lectures, discussions, and research projects address multicultural perspectives and provide a sense of feminism’s global import in a current and historical context.
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