2013-2014 University Catalog 
    
    Apr 20, 2024  
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2013-2014 University Catalog archived

Course Descriptions

 

Art History
  

  • ARTH 362 - Vernacular Architecture


    FDR: HA
    Credits: 3
    Planned Offering: Not offered in 2013-2014

    An exploration of the approaches used to study common building types. Architecture is considered a form of material culture that invites a study of its cultural and ideological meaning. From log cabins to golden arches, all forms of the built environment are open to contemplation. Staff.
  

  • ARTH 363 - Surrealism


    FDR: HA
    Credits: 3
    Planned Offering: Winter 2015 and alternate years

    A study of the development of surrealist art and thought. For its practitioners, surrealism was–and remains–foremost a revolution, striving to “transform the world” (Marx) and “change life” (Rimbaud). We examine writings and ideas underlying key works by artists such as Dali, Magritte, and Max Ernst; watch surrealist films; and play surrealist “games of chance”. King.
  

  • ARTH 364 - Seminar on Art of the 1960s


    FDR: HA
    Credits: 3
    Planned Offering: Winter 2014 and alternate years.

    An exploration of the art produced during the decade of the 1960s. A seminal period, it includes Pop Art, Post-Painterly Abstraction, Minimalism, Earth Art, Performance Art, and socially conscious and politically oriented art reflecting feminism and black radicalism. Weekly lectures, readings, essays, films and discussion. King.
  

  • ARTH 366 - African-American Art Seminar


    FDR: HA
    Credits: 3
    Planned Offering: Not offered in 2013-2014.

    An exploration of the art produced by African-Americans from the Colonial period to the present. Weekly lectures, readings, essays, films and discussion. King.
  

  • ARTH 367 - Seminar on Women Artists


    FDR: HA
    Credits: 4
    Planned Offering: Not offered in 2013-2014.

    An intensive exploration of the roles women artists have played in the history of western art from the renaissance to the present. Special attention is given to the strategies women used for survival and success, and to contemporary theoretical approaches to the subject. Lectures, discussions, readings, papers, and a research project. Staff.
  

  • ARTH 375 - Tropical Baroque: The Arts of Colonial Latin America


    FDR: HA
    Credits: 3
    Planned Offering: Not yet scheduled.

    A seminar devoted to the Renaissance and Baroque art and architecture of Colonial Latin America (1492-1820), including New Spain, the Andean region, the Caribbean, and Brazil. Students learn about the people and societies who produced and used this art and architecture and who came from a wide spectrum of cultural backgrounds. Lepage.
  

  • ARTH 376 - Visual Culture in the Hispanic World, c. 1500-1700


    FDR: HA
    Credits: 3
    Planned Offering: Winter 2014 and alternate years

    The 17th-century Golden Age was a period of unparalleled artistic achievement in the Hispanic world. This seminar investigates painting, sculpture and architecture of Spain and the Viceroyalties of New Spain and Peru from ca.1500 to the death of the last Spanish Habsburg king in 1700. Artists highlighted in this course include Titian, Juan de Herrera, El Greco, Velázquez, Guaman Poma, Miguel de Santiago, and Goya. Lepage.
  

  • ARTH 384 - Renaissance Art in Venice


    FDR: HA
    Credits: 4
    Planned Offering: Not offered in 2013-2014

    Prerequisite: ARTH 102 or 256. This course addresses issues of patronage, artistic production, uses of ancient themes and sources, criticism and art theory, and the uses and abuses of images during the High Renaissance. We focus our attention on the art and architecture of Northern Italy from about 1460 to 1575, with particular emphasis placed on images and structures produced in Venice and its territorial possessions (“The Veneto”) and by those who considered la serennissima their home. Bent.
  

  • ARTH 385 - Leonardo da Vinci: Art, Science and Innovation in Renaissance Europe


    FDR: HA
    Credits: 4
    Planned Offering: Spring 2014 and alternate years.

    Leonardo da Vinci has for years been considered the consummate “Renaissance Man,” equally skilled as a painter, anatomist, engineer, and military scientist. This course examines the contextual background from which this true genius was sprung, the works he produced, the people for whom he produced them, and the visions of the artist both realized and unrealized that have captured the imaginations of people around the world since Leonardo ‘s death in 1519. Bent.
  

  • ARTH 390 - Seminar in Asian Art


    FDR: HA
    Credits: 3
    Prerequisite: Three credits in art history or instructor consent. Selected topics in Asian art. Includes guided research, reports, term paper, and possible visit to the Freer and Sackler Galleries in Washington, D.C. May be repeated for degree credit if the topics are different. Kerin.
  

  • ARTH 394 - Seminar in Art History


    FDR: HA
    Credits: 3
    Planned Offering: Fall, Winter, Spring

    Prerequisites: Three credits in art history and instructor consent. Research in selected topics in art history with written and oral reports. May be repeated for degree credit if the topics are different. Staff.
  

  • ARTH 395 - Senior Seminar: Approaches to Art History


    Credits: 3
    Planned Offering: Fall

    Prerequisite: Senior art history major. An exploration of bibliography in preparation for the thesis, and of methodology, criticism and contemporary issues in a capstone seminar. Topics include biography and formalism, iconography and iconology, social history and Marxism, feminism, psychoanalysis, semiotics, Structuralism, Post-Structuralism, and deconstruction. Staff.
  

  • ARTH 398 - Seminar in Museum Studies


    FDR: HA
    Credits: 4
    Planned Offering: Spring

    Prerequisites: ARTH 102 or ARTH 140, or instructor’s consent; and sophomore, junior or senior standing. An exploration of the history, philosophy and practical aspects of museums. Topics of discussion include governance and administration, collections, exhibitions and education. The course alternates weekly readings and class discussion with field trips to regional museums. Requires short papers and a major project. Grover and Hobbs.
  

  • ARTH 401 - Directed Individual Study


    Credits: 1
    Prerequisite: Permission of the department. Individual or class study of special topics in art history. May be repeated for degree credit if the topics are different. Staff.
  

  • ARTH 402 - Directed Individual Study


    Credits: 2
    Prerequisite: Permission of the department. Individual or class study of special topics in art history. May be repeated for degree credit if the topics are different. Staff.
  

  • ARTH 403 - Directed Individual Study


    Credits: 3
    Prerequisite: Permission of the department. Individual or class study of special topics in art history. May be repeated for degree credit if the topics are different. Staff.
  

  • ARTH 453 - Internship in Arts Management


    Credits: 3
    Planned Offering: Fall, Winter

    Prerequisite: Instructor consent. Supervised off-campus experience in an art gallery, art dealership, museum, or auction house approved by the Art Department. Requires a paper in addition to projects devised in advance by the instructor and student. Archer, Bent.
  

  • ARTH 473 - Senior Thesis


    Credits: 3
    Planned Offering: Winter

    Prerequisite: ARTH 395. An art history thesis. A thesis abstract with a written statement of objectives must be presented to the department for consideration by September 30. Staff.
  

  • ARTH 493 - Honors Thesis


    Credits: 3-3
    Planned Offering: Fall-Winter

    Prerequisites: ARTH 395, 3.500 cumulative grade-point average, honors candidacy and senior standing. An art history thesis. Application for the honors candidacy must be made by May 1 of the junior year. A thesis abstract with a written statement of the objective must be presented at this time. The culmination is an oral defense of the thesis project. Staff.

Studio Art
  

  • ARTS 111 - Drawing I


    FDR: HA
    Credits: 3
    Planned Offering: Fall, Winter

    Prerequisite: Instructor consent. Development of skills and visual awareness through the study of the basic elements of drawing. Variety of media, including pencil, charcoal, ink and crayon. Lab fee required. Beavers, Olson-Janjic.
  

  • ARTS 112 - Drawing II


    FDR: HA
    Credits: 3
    Planned Offering: Winter

    Prerequisites: ARTS 111 and instructor consent. Continuation of Drawing I. Lab fee required. Beavers.
  

  • ARTS 120 - Photography I


    FDR: HA
    Credits: 3
    Planned Offering: Fall, Winter

    Prerequisite: Instructor consent. An introduction to the technical and creative principles of black-and-white photography as a fine art medium, with an emphasis on composition, exposure, and darkroom technique. Course includes a combination of image presentations, technical demonstrations, studio instruction, and group critiques. Lab fee required; cameras available for checkout from department. Bowden.
  

  • ARTS 131 - Design I


    FDR: HA
    Credits: 3
    Planned Offering: Fall, Winter

    An introduction to the elements and concepts of two-dimensional design within the context of current digital technology, with an emphasis on contemporary computer software programs. Stene.
  

  • ARTS 180 - FS: First-Year Seminar


    Credits: 3
    Planned Offering: Offered occasionally. Each first-year seminar topic is approved by the Dean of The College and the Committee on Courses and Degrees. Applicability to FDRs and other requirements varies.

    First-year seminar. Prerequisite: First-year standing. Staff.
  

  • ARTS 211 - Figure Drawing I


    FDR: HA
    Credits: 3
    Planned Offering: Not offered in 2013-2014

    Prerequisites: ARTS 111 and instructor consent. Drawing from the human figure using a variety of media. Lab fee required. Olson-Janjic.
  

  • ARTS 212 - Figure Drawing II


    FDR: HA
    Credits: 3
    Planned Offering: Not offered in 2013-2014

    Prerequisites: ARTS 211 and instructor consent. Continuation of ARTS 211 with emphasis on the use of the human figure as a compositional element. Lab fee required. Staff.
  

  • ARTS 213 - Drawing Italy


    FDR: HA
    Credits: 4
    Planned Offering: Not offered in 2013-2014.

    Prerequisites: ARTS 111 and instructor consent. Living and drawing on site in Rome, Florence, Umbria, and Tuscany and with day trips to Pompeii, Assisi, and other important art sites in Italy. Students explore Italy’s vast artistic heritage within its cultural context, then apply this experience to their own art while working in the distinctive Mediterranean light. Media include pen and ink, pastel and acrylic. Lab fee required. Olson-Janjic.
  

  • ARTS 214 - Drawing in Place


    FDR: HA
    Credits: 4
    Planned Offering: Not offered in 2011-2012

    Prerequisite: ARTS 111 or instructor consent. This drawing course is intended for intermediate drawing students. The goals of this intensive course are to practice drawing skills, learn about the tradition of art of place, and to produce a series of drawings based on a specific place. We spend the first two weeks brushing up on the basics of drawing while reading and discussing writings about place and site-oriented art. Image presentations and group discussion support the readings. Beavers.
  

  • ARTS 217 - Painting I


    FDR: HA
    Credits: 3
    Planned Offering: Fall, Winter

    Prerequisites: ARTS 111 and instructor consent. Emphasis on color, design and spatial relationships. Work from observation and imagination in oil and acrylic. Lab fee required. Olson-Janjic.
  

  • ARTS 218 - Painting II


    FDR: HA
    Credits: 3
    Planned Offering: Fall

    Prerequisites: ARTS 217 and instructor consent. Continuation of ARTS 217. Lab fee required. Olson-Janjic.
  

  • ARTS 219 - Painted Light: Interpreting the Landscape


    FDR: HA
    Credits: 4
    Planned Offering: Not offered in 2013-2014

    Prerequisite: ARTS 217 or instructor consent. This course begins with the introduction of en plein air, a French expression which means “in the open air” and is used to describe the act of painting outdoors. We examine artists who have worked en plein air, past and present, study their work and methods, and then apply this knowledge to painting outdoors. Emphasis is on the way light and color define form and space. Students build on their knowledge of color theory through observation and implementation. Beginning with the concept of plein air, we quickly branch out to more interpretive and subjective uses of the landscape in painting, resulting in a cohesive body of work. Lab fee required. Olson-Janjic.
  

  • ARTS 220 - Photography II


    FDR: HA
    Credits: 3
    Planned Offering: Winter

    Prerequisite: ARTS 120 or instructor consent. A continuation of ARTS 120, with an emphasis on black-and-white craft and creative problem solving through both film and digital processes. Course includes a combination of demonstrations, studio instruction, and group critiques, as well as image presentations, readings, and discussions related to historical and contemporary movements in the medium. Lab fee required; cameras available for checkout from department. Bowden.
  

  • ARTS 221 - Antique Photographic Processes


    FDR: HA
    Credits: 4
    Planned Offering: Spring 2014 and alternate years

    Not open to students with credit for courses in alternative photographic processes. Prerequisite: ARTS 120. An exploration of 19th-century photographic processes, learned through demonstration and intensive hands-on lab sessions. Processes covered on campus include cyanotype printing and toning, Van Dyke brown, kallitype, and platinum/palladium printing. Students learn how to make enlarged digital negatives for contact printing from photographs that originate in either film or digital formats. In addition to technique, students learn the historical background of each process and current trends in the medium. Bowden.
  

  • ARTS 223 - Photography and the City


    FDR: HA
    Credits: 4
    Planned Offering: Spring 2014 and alternate years.

    Prerequisites: Prerequisite: ARTS 120. Spring Term Abroad course. Several major cities, including Paris and New York, play an important role in the medium of photography. Students are introduced to the historical context of photography and photographers of a particular city, as well as contemporary artists and exhibitions. Field trips to museums, galleries, and relevant sites play an integral role in the course. The geometry of the city provides a sharp visual contrast to the bucolic landscape of rural Virginia. Each student undertakes a substantial photographic project based upon a particular visual element or conceptual idea of the city, shooting for their project every day of the first three weeks while in the one of these cities, with regular group critiques. The last week of the course is spent printing the project and curating an exhibition of the work. Bowden.
  

  • ARTS 224 - Color Photography


    FDR: HA
    Credits: 3
    Planned Offering: Winter

    Prerequisite: ARTS 120 or instructor consent. An introduction to the visual and technical principles of color photography, as applied in the digital realm. Students learn the concepts of color photography through applied projects, as well as image presentations, readings, and discussions of methods and artists, historical and contemporary. Students photograph in digital format, and learn the craft of fine color printing in the digital darkroom. Lab fee required, cameras available for checkout from department. Bowden.
  

  • ARTS 226 - Introduction to the Book Arts


    FDR: HA
    Credits: 3
    Planned Offering: Not offered in 2013-2014

    A creative exploration of the tradition of the handmade book. Students learn to make several styles of binding, including accordion books, pamphlets, and Japanese bindings, developing some skill in letterpress printing, paper decorating, and simple printmaking techniques to create original handmade books. Readings, discussions, and slide lectures introduce students to the ingenious history of books and printing. Besides constructing imaginative, individual book art projects, students create one collaborative project. Lab fee required. Merrill.
  

  • ARTS 227 - Printmaking I


    FDR: HA
    Credits: 3
    Planned Offering: Fall

    Prerequisite: ARTS 111 or instructor consent. A survey of fine art printmaking media, with emphasis on beginning techniques and the artistic potential of the print. Media include a selection of techniques from intaglio, relief, and planographic printmaking. Beavers.
  

  • ARTS 228 - Printmaking II


    FDR: HA
    Credits: 3
    Planned Offering: Winter

    Prerequisite: ARTS 227 and instructor consent. Continuation of Printmaking I, with emphasis on one of the major media of printmaking (intaglio, relief, lithography). Students gain experience both with technique and the creative ability to solve visual problems and present compelling images in two dimensions. Beavers.
  

  • ARTS 231 - Sculpture I


    FDR: HA
    Credits: 3 in winter; 4 in spring
    Planned Offering: Winter, Spring

    Prerequisite: Instructor consent. An introduction to sculpture techniques, tools and materials. Studio problems develop skills in working with wood, stone, clay, and metal. Lab fee required. Stene.
  

  • ARTS 232 - Sculpture II


    FDR: HA
    Credits: 3
    Planned Offering: Not offered in 2013-2014

    Prerequisites: ARTS 231 and instructor consent. Studio problems concentrate on one medium, e.g., stone, wood, clay, or metal. Contemporary concerns in sculpture are explored through readings and presentations by students. Lab fee required. Stene.
  

  • ARTS 235 - Art: Site and Situation


    FDR: HA
    Credits: 4
    Planned Offering: Spring

    Students design, construct, and install environmentally friendly site specific art. Design work is conducted in the computer lab, construction done in the art studios, and installation is on campus or at a selected site in the Lexington area. Stene.
  

  • ARTS 291 - Special Topics in Painting


    FDR: HA
    Credits: 3
    Prerequisite: ARTS 111 or 217 or instructor consent. Intermediate and advanced study in painting with emphasis on specialized media and topics. Examples of media offered include acrylic, oil, mixed media, and encaustic with subject matter ranging from the figure and landscape to non-objective imagery. May be repeated for degree credit if the topics are different. Lab fee required. Olson-Janjic.
  

  • ARTS 292 - Special Topics in Photography


    FDR: HA
    Credits: 3 in fall, winter; 4 in spring
    Prerequisite: ARTS 120, 221, 223, or instructor consent. Advanced study in photography, with an emphasis on a specialized topic within the medium. Lab fee required.

    Spring 2014 topic:

    ARTS 292: Special Topic in Photography: Advanced Alternative Processes (4). Prerequisite: ARTS 221. For students with experience in antique photographic processes and who wish to explore advanced work in alternative and historical alternative processes. Students participate in lectures, demonstrations, and visiting-artist sessions for all processes, including both the traditional and new cyanotype formulas, Van Dyke brown print, kallitype, and palladium printing, as well as wet-plate collodion techniques like ambrotypes and tintypes. In addition to examples of each process, students select a process to explore further outside of class, and complete a portfolio of advanced prints in this process. (HA) Bowden. Spring 2014



  

  • ARTS 297 - Special Topics in Studio Art


    FDR: HA
    Credits: 1 or 3
    Planned Offering: Fall or Winter


    Prerequisite: ARTS 111 or instructor consent. In various years the topics and media change, given the interest of the faculty and presence of visiting artists. May be repeated when topics are different. Lab fee required.

    Winter 2014 Topic:

    ARTS 297: Art, Culture, and Mixed Media (3). This is an interdisciplinary course combining making art with the study of the Italian culture and language in preparation for the spring-term course abroad. The more you learn about Italian art and culture before leaving for spring term abroad, the more you will benefit from your overseas experience. While this is clearly not an art history or language course, you become familiar with many important works of art that you will see first-hand in Italy, and you study/practice the Italian language, providing you with some basic language skills to aid you in your understanding and communications abroad. In the studio, this course is a hybrid of drawing and painting with a focus on color. One of the goals of the course is to strengthen your observational skills while simultaneously learning about the fundamental properties of pastel and acrylic, both individually and through mixed media approaches. You work from life as well as non-objectively, using pastel and acrylic to help you explore a wide range of expression. The final third of the course is devoted to creating a series that steer your work in Italy. (HA) Olson-Janjic. Winter 2014



  

  • ARTS 309 - Studio Seminar: Methods in Contemporary Art Practice


    Credits: 3
    Prerequisites: Studio art major and instructor consent. This course is a critique-based studio seminar designed to prepare students for the senior thesis in studio arts and built around a term-long visual arts project responding to current trends in contemporary art. This seminar introduces a theme or topic, supported by readings, films, and image presentations, as the focus of class discussions exploring and highlighting the work of relevant contemporary artists. Students develop and plan a body of work inspired by or in response to this theme. Group and individual critiques assess each student’s progress towards this goal. Lab fee required. Bowden.
  

  • ARTS 317 - Painting III


    FDR: HA
    Credits: 3
    Planned Offering: Fall or Winter

    Prerequisites: ARTS 218 and instructor consent. For studio art majors. Continuation of the formal structure of painting with emphasis on developing the expression and style of the individual student. Expand awareness of contemporary concerns in art. Lab fee required. Olson-Janjic.
  

  • ARTS 318 - Painting IV


    FDR: HA
    Credits: 3
    Planned Offering: Fall or Winter

    Prerequisites: ARTS 317 and instructor consent. Continuation of ARTS 317. Lab fee required. Olson-Janjic.
  

  • ARTS 320 - Photography III


    FDR: HA
    Credits: 3
    Planned Offering: Fall

    Prerequisite: Arts 220 or instructor consent. A project-based course, with a particular focus on large format photography, the craft of fine printing, and the process for creating a body of work. Course will include an emphasis on group critique, as well as images, readings, and discussion related to historical and contemporary movements in the medium. Lab fee required; cameras available for checkout from department. Bowden.
  

  • ARTS 321 - Photography IV


    FDR: HA
    Credits: 3
    Planned Offering: Fall

    Prerequisite: Arts 320 or instructor consent. Advanced studies in fine art photography and the photographic print, with an emphasis on creating a substantial term-long project. Students may work in traditional, digital, or alternative process techniques in either black-and-white or color, and larger film and print formats will be encouraged. Lab fee required; cameras available for checkout from department. Bowden.
  

  • ARTS 327 - Printmaking III


    Credits: 3
    Planned Offering: Not offered in 2011-2012

    Prerequisites: ARTS 228 and instructor consent. Students concentrate on producing a body of work through deeper exploration of one of the printmaking techniques. More emphasis on critical evaluation in the planning and execution stage. Seminar style discussion of contemporary issues in printmaking. Beavers.
  

  • ARTS 328 - Printmaking IV


    Credits: 3
    Planned Offering: Not offered in 2013-2014

    Prerequisites: ARTS 327 and instructor consent. Tutorial/critique course for advanced students in printmaking. Term project. Beavers.
  

  • ARTS 329 - Special Topics in Printmaking


    Credits: 3
    Planned Offering: Not offered in 2013-2014

    Prerequisites: ARTS 227 and instructor consent. This course focuses on a problem or theme in printmaking, such as sequential or series of images, production of large-scale prints, simple alternative technique, digital processes, image with text, etc. May be repeated for degree credit if the topics are different. Beavers.
  

  • ARTS 331 - Sculpture III


    FDR: HA
    Credits: 3
    Planned Offering: Not offered in 2013-2014

    Prerequisites: ARTS 131 and instructor consent, with ARTS 211 highly recommended. Problems are designed to develop an awareness of form relationships in the human figure and to gain an understanding of how they relate to design principles and elements. Lab fee required. Stene.
  

  • ARTS 332 - Sculpture IV


    FDR: HA
    Credits: 3
    Planned Offering: Not offered in 2013-2014

    Prerequisites: ARTS 232 and instructor consent. A continuation of ARTS 331 with emphasis on in-depth studio problems. Further readings and presentations in contemporary sculpture. Lab fee required. Stene.
  

  • ARTS 421 - Directed Studio Projects


    Credits: 1
    Prerequisites for projects in sculpture: ARTS 231 and instructor consent, Stene. Prerequisites for projects in painting: ARTS 217 and instructor consent, Olson-Janjic. Prerequisites for projects in photography: ARTS 120 and instructor consent, Bowden. Prerequisites for projects in printmaking: ARTS 227 and instructor consent, Beavers. Guided studio work for the art major. May be repeated for degree credit if the topics are different. Staff.
  

  • ARTS 422 - Directed Studio Projects


    Credits: 2
    Prerequisites for projects in sculpture: ARTS 231 and instructor consent, Stene. Prerequisites for projects in painting: ARTS 217 and instructor consent, Olson-Janjic. Prerequisites for projects in photography: ARTS 120 and instructor consent, Bowden. Prerequisites for projects in printmaking: ARTS 227 and instructor consent, Beavers. Guided studio work for the art major. May be repeated for degree credit if the topics are different. Staff.
  

  • ARTS 423 - Directed Studio Projects


    Credits: 3
    Prerequisites for projects in sculpture: ARTS 231 and instructor consent, Stene. Prerequisites for projects in painting: ARTS 217 and instructor consent, Olson-Janjic. Prerequisites for projects in photography: ARTS 120 and instructor consent, Bowden. Prerequisites for projects in printmaking: ARTS 227 and instructor consent, Beavers. Guided studio work for the art major. May be repeated for degree credit if the topics are different. Staff.
  

  • ARTS 453 - Internship in Studio Art


    Credits: 3
    Planned Offering: Fall

    Prerequisite: Instructor consent. Supervised off-campus experience in an artist’s studio approved by the Department of Art and Art History. Requires a follow-up, on-campus project, devised in advance by the instructor and student. Archer.
  

  • ARTS 473 - Senior Thesis


    Credits: 3
    Planned Offering: Fall

    Prerequisite: ARTS 396. A studio art thesis. Creative work and a portfolio with a written statement of objectives must be presented to the department for consideration by September 30. Staff.
  

  • ARTS 493 - Honors Thesis


    Credits: 3-3
    Planned Offering: Fall-Winter

    Prerequisites: 3.500 cumulative grade-point average, honors candidacy and senior standing. Corequisite: ARTS 396. A studio art thesis. Application for the honors candidacy must be made by May 1 of the junior year. Creative work and a portfolio with a written statement of the objective must be presented at this time. The culmination is an oral defense of the thesis project. Staff.

Biology
  

  • BIOL 101 - Environmental Biology: Endangered Plants of the Appalachians


    FDR: SL
    Credits: 4
    Planned Offering: Spring

    Using case studies in plant endangerment as a focal point for understanding ecological and evolutionary processes and the impact of human activities on biodiversity, students gain fundamental insight into their relationship with the living world and the importance of preserving biological diversity through a combination of targeted readings, intensive discussions, and basic research in the field, Field activities take place in regional hotspots of plant endemism and give students experience in applied conservation research. Field sites and subject species vary from year to year. Winder.
  

  • BIOL 104 - Biological Illustration


    Credits: 4
    Planned Offering: Spring

    Prerequisites: Instructor consent required and interested students should contact Helen I’Anson, head of the biology department. Preference given to biology, neuroscience, environmental science and studio art majors. This course covers the classic illustration techniques of pen and ink, carbon dust, watercolor, and colored pencil. It then moves into the digital corollaries of those techniques using professional-grade hardware and software. Regular field trips are included to practice scientific observation, field sketching, and photography. Ober and Hurd.
  

  • BIOL 105 - Introduction to Behavioral Ecology


    FDR: SL
    Credits: 4
    Planned Offering: Fall 2011 and alternate years

    How do animals experience the world? What are animal social systems like? How do animals choose mates, find places to live, decide when to help others? This course for non-majors focuses on both the mechanisms of animal behavior (genes, hormones, sensory systems) and the adaptive value of behavior for survival and reproduction in nature. The laboratory includes field experiments and lab observations that test hypotheses using animals such as salamanders, cows, birds, and humans. Credit does not apply toward the biology major. Laboratory course. Marsh.
  

  • BIOL 111 - Fundamentals of Biology


    FDR: SL: BIOL 113 is a corequisite for students seeking laboratory science credits.
    Credits: 3
    Planned Offering: Fall, Winter


    Prerequisites: For BIOL 111/113: Limited seating available for sophomores, juniors and seniors. Interested upper-division students should contact Helen I’Anson, Head of the Biology department, for consent as soon as the class schedule is available and before registration begins. Suitable for First-Years interested in pursuing a major in biology, neuroscience or environmental studies or the pre-health curriculum. For First-Years, priority will be given to those who have taken CHEM 110 during fall semester. Corequisite: BIOL 113. An intensive investigation of scientific thought and communication applied to topics that vary among sections and terms. Specific subjects, chosen from within the scope of modern biological investigation according to the expertise of individual instructors, are examined in the context of major concepts such as evolution, regulation, growth, and metabolism. This course, and its companion laboratory, are prerequisites for all higher level biology courses.

    Winter 2014 Topics:

    BIOL 111-01: Fundamentals of Biology: History of Biology (3). Corequisite: BIOL 113. An intensive investigation of scientific thought and communication, examined in the context of major concepts such as evolution, regulation, growth, and metabolism. A discussion of the history of biological thought from the Greeks to Darwin to the present genomic revolution. This section focuses on how scientists first addressed the fundamental phenomena in life: reliable reproduction and genetic programming, and the origin of species and the evolution of diversity. This course, and its companion laboratory, are prerequisites for all higher level biology courses. (SL when taken with BIOL 113). Ayoub.

    BIOL 111-02: Fundamentals of Biology:Conservation Biology (3). Corequisite: BIOL 113. An intensive investigation of scientific thought and communication, examined in the context of major concepts such as evolution, regulation, growth, and metabolism. This section examines the intersection of biology and species conservation, including the effects of habitat loss and fragmentation on species and ecosystems, the role of human impacts, and the tools used to make predictions about animal and plant populations. A large section of the course is devoted to participation in a national research project on the effects of roads and development on frog and toad populations. This course, and its companion laboratory, are prerequisites for all higher level biology courses. (SL when taken with BIOL 113). Marsh.

    BIOL 111-03: Fundamentals of Biology:Drugs of Abuse (3). Corequisite: BIOL 113. An intensive investigation of scientific thought and communication, examined in the context of major concepts such as evolution, regulation, growth, and metabolism. In this section, we use addiction as a model for understanding basic principles of genetics, cell biology, anatomy, and physiology. An in-depth discussion of the common mechanisms of action of addictive substances is included, as well as relevant information about treatment and recovery strategies. This course, and its companion laboratory, are prerequisites for all higher level biology courses. (SL when taken with BIOL 113). Blythe.

    BIOL 111-04: Fundamentals of Biology:Genetics of Human History (3). Corequisite: BIOL 113. An intensive investigation of scientific thought and communication, examined in the context of major concepts such as evolution, regulation, growth, and metabolism. Traditionally, the history of the human species has been the purview of archeologists and historians. More recently, genetic data have been used to explore and better understand many facets of human history. How are Neandertals and other ancient peoples related to modern humans? Where and when did modern humans evolve? What does genetics tell us about the peopling of the Americas? This section examines the foundations and background of human population genetics in addition to research articles investigating the history of the human species. This course, and its companion laboratory, are prerequisites for all higher level biology courses. (SL when taken with BIOL 113). Cabe.

    BIOL 111-05: Fundamentals of Biology: Biology of Marine Organisms (3). Corequisite: BIOL 113. An intensive investigation of scientific thought and communication, examined in the context of major concepts such as evolution, regulation, growth, and metabolism. In this section, we examine specific examples of the unique biology of marine organisms and ecosystems, building upon fundamental concepts to explore advanced topics and research. Why are coral reefs dying? Why don’t sharks get cancer - or do they? We follow lines of scientific inquiry that have brought us to the current state of understanding on these and other specific examples. In the process, we progress through different levels of organization, generally starting with molecular / cellular biology and moving up through population and community ecology. This course, and its companion laboratory, are prerequisites for all higher level biology courses. (SL when taken with BIOL 113). Humston.

    Fall 2013 Topics:

    BIOL 111-01: Fundamentals of Biology: Bacterial Genetics (3). An intensive investigation of scientific thought and communication, examined in the context of major concepts such as evolution, regulation, growth, and metabolism. This section is an introduction to the genes and the mechanisms of gene expression by bacterial cells. It focuses on the current issues of bacterial infections in humans, for example: virulence, antibiotic resistance, or emerging diseases. (SL: BIOL 113 is a co-requisite for students seeking laboratory science credits.) Simurda.

    BIOL 111-02: Fundamentals of Biology: Rapid Communication in Animals (3). An intensive investigation of scientific thought and communication, examined in the context of major concepts such as evolution, regulation, growth, and metabolism. This section examines the structure and function of nerve cells with an emphasis on electrical excitability, synaptic transmission, and sensory transduction. As part of the background, we study the processes of replication, transcription, and translation. In addition, we study the anatomy of the brain and examine the cellular mechanisms underlying simple behaviors and the pathology of degenerative CNS diseases. (SL: BIOL 113 is a co-requisite for students seeking laboratory science credits.) Watson.

    BIOL 111-03: Fundamentals of Biology: Genes Drugs and Toxins (3). An intensive investigation of scientific thought and communication, examined in the context of major concepts such as evolution, regulation, growth, and metabolism. The ways in which an organism responds to different drugs or toxins can be heavily influenced by its genetics. In this section, we explore the interplay between genetic variation and differences in the ways in which people respond to therapeutic drugs and environmental toxins. We consider a number of example case studies including the genetic basis for resistance to drugs used to treat cancer and individual variation in sensitivity to common pesticides. Our readings are primarily from the current scientific literature as we focus on the new and emerging fields of pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics. In the service of exploring these topics, we also cover: the flow of information from genes to proteins; complex cellular behaviors; molecular and population genetics; and many aspects of cellular physiology and regulation. (SL: BIOL 113 is a co-requisite for students seeking laboratory science credits.) Whitworth.

    BIOL 111-04: Fundamentals of Biology: Diversity of Life (3). An intensive investigation of scientific thought and communication, examined in the context of major concepts such as evolution, regulation, growth, and metabolism. Biologists use the word diversity, or biodiversity, to describe the variety of life forms in nature. This section is concerned with three major questions about biological diversity on earth: (1) how did it come to be? (2) what is its present condition? (3) what is its future? We cover physiological adaptations, genetic sources of diversity, evolutionary and ecological processes, anthropogenic threats to biodiversity, and conservation. (SL: BIOL 113 is a co-requisite for students seeking laboratory science credits.) Hurd.

    BIOL 111-05: Fundamentals of Biology: Biological Clocks and Rhythms (3). An intensive investigation of scientific thought and communication, examined in the context of major concepts such as evolution, regulation, growth, and metabolism. From cell division to bird migration, clock-like rhythms control the activities of every living organism. In this section we investigate recent advances in chronobiology, the area of biology that studies internal biological clocks. Our topics include the measurement of rhythmic activity, the molecular mechanisms underlying daily rhythms, and the integration of internal and environmental rhythms in complex physiological processes, such as the sleep and reproductive cycles. (SL: BIOL 113 is a co-requisite for students seeking laboratory science credits.) Toporikova.



  

  • BIOL 113 - Biology Laboratory


    FDR: SL: see note in BIOL 111.
    Credits: 1
    Planned Offering: Fall, Winter

    Prerequisites: For BIOL 111/113: Limited seating available for sophomores, juniors and seniors. Interested upper-division students should contact Helen I’Anson, Head of the Biology department, for consent as soon as the class schedule is available and before registration begins. Suitable for First-Years interested in pursuing a major in biology, neuroscience or environmental studies or the pre-health curriculum. Corequisite: BIOL 111. A laboratory course to accompany BIOL 111. Students are trained in basic techniques of biological research by demonstrations and investigatory exercises, including data analysis and scientific communication. Lanier, Winder.
  

  • BIOL 140 - Natural History of Rockbridge County


    FDR: SL
    Credits: 4
    Planned Offering: Spring 2014 and alternate years.

    Prerequisite: Non-biology majors only. Open to biology majors only by instructor consent. An introduction to the flora and fauna of Rockbridge County, with heavy emphasis on first-hand field experience. Readings include historical and current descriptions of biological communities and species typical of this area of Virginia, The close relationship between natural history and the fields of ecology and evolution is explored. Discussions and field trips emphasize the history of natural communities in the Shenandoah Valley and Southern Appalachians, the changes to these communities caused by human, and conservation strategies. Students should be prepared to be outside in all weather, hike in rough terrain, and enjoy field exploration (including early mornings and night excursions). Cabe.
  

  • BIOL 150 - Genetic Engineering and Society


    FDR: SL
    Credits: 4
    Planned Offering: Spring 2013 and alternate years

    No prerequisites. Intended for non-science majors. Humans have manipulated genes for thousands of years to make better crops and to domesticate animals. But in the last century the ability to transfer genes from one organism to another (“genetic engineering”) has dramatically changed our understanding of biology and our lives. In this course, we explore the nuts and bolts of genetic engineering and a small sampling of its applications, including developing drugs and vaccinations, enhancing crops, testing for genetic diseases, and genetic testing in the courtroom. These applications introduce ethical considerations for us to debate. In addition, we use molecular-biology tools to carry out our own genetic engineering projects with spider silk genes, which have potential for multiple medical and industrial applications. Students culminate the term by making a sales pitch to biotech companies to buy their spider-silk genes. Laboratory course. Ayoub.
  

  • BIOL 160 - CSI: W&L


    CHEM 160 FDR: SL
    Credits: 4
    Planned Offering: Spring, when department teaching loads allow

    No prerequisites. Appropriate for non-science majors. This laboratory course is an introduction to the field of forensic science with a focus on the physical, chemical, and biological basis of crime scene evidence. A particular emphasis is on the analysis of trace physical (e.g., glass, soil, fiber, ballistics) and biological (e.g., hair, blood, DNA) evidence and forensic toxicology (e.g., drugs, alcohol, poisons). The laboratory portion of this course provides “hands-on” opportunities to analyze collected crime scene samples and to utilize some of the commonly used forensic laboratory techniques such as microscopy, chromatography, and spectroscopy. The course also introduces some of the legal aspects associated with collection and analysis of crime-scene evidence. Laboratory course. LaRiviere, Watson.
  

  • BIOL 165 - Human Biology and Nutrition


    FDR: SL
    Credits: 4
    Planned Offering: Offered when interest is expressed and faculty resources permit.

    Students in this laboratory based course for non-majors investigate the importance of nutrition in the context of normal human biology and as it relates to poor nutritional choices on the proliferation of a suite of human diseases. Topics covered include diabetes, obesity, atherosclerosis, and hyperlipidemia. In addition to other forms of assessment, students develop modules for kindergarten-to-fifth-grade science units based on content from the lecture and laboratory components of the course. Hamilton.
  

  • BIOL 180 - FS: First-Year Seminar


    FDR: SC
    Credits: 3
    Planned Offering: Offered occasionally. Each first-year seminar topic is approved by the Dean of The College and the Committee on Courses and Degrees. Applicability to FDRs and other requirements varies.

    First-year seminar. Prerequisite: First-year standing. Topical description when offered.



  

  • BIOL 195 - Topics in Biology


    Credits: 3 credits in Fall and Winter, 4 credits in Spring
    Topics vary with instructor and term. May be repeated for degree credit if the topics are different.

    Spring 2014 topic:

    BIOL 195: Human Biology and Nutrition (4). No prerequisites. Open to all classes. This course for non-majors examines the importance of nutrition in the context of normal human biology and as it relates to poor nutritional choices on human disease states. Potential related topics covered include obesity, diabetes, atherosclerosis, hyperlipidemia, osteomalacia, and colorectal disorders. Discussion includes nutritional impacts on health, economics, and society. Credits do not apply toward the biology major. (SC) Muir. Spring 2014



  

  • BIOL 210 - Human Parasitology


    Credits: 3
    Planned Offering: Offered when interest is expressed and departmental resources permit.

    Prerequisites: BIOL 111 and 113. A survey of the phenomenon of animal parasitism, including discussion of the chief distinguishing structures, life cycles, and functions of major pathogenic parasites infecting humans and other animals. Simurda.
  

  • BIOL 211 - Cell Biology


    Credits: 4
    Planned Offering: Winter

    Prerequisites: Bio 111 and 113. This course will focus on understanding the components of a cell, the internal organization of a cell, how they move, how they function, how they respond to cues from their external environment, and the limits of our current knowledge. Lecture topics will include the internal organization of a cell, structure and function of DNA, RNA and proteins, membrane and cytoskeleton structure function, protein sorting, membrane transport, cell cycle and cell-cycle control, cell signaling and communication, and cell death. The lab component reinforces the lecture by emphasizing the experimental approaches to the study of cell biology. Laboratory course. Watson.
  

  • BIOL 211S - Cell Structure and Function at St. Andrews


    Credits: 6
    Planned Offering: Fall

    Prerequisites: An average grade of at least 3.0 in BIOL 111 and 113, a 3.000 cumulative GPA, and permission of the Department of Biology. This is an introductory module covering general aspects of animal cell structure and associated physiology. The module starts with a general overview of the regulation of the cell cycle, the roles of protein complexes essential to cell shape and adhesion and the homeostatic role of ion pumps, transporters and channels in the maintenance of solute compositions in both the intra- and extra-cellular fluid compartments. The module continues with detailed structure-function relationships within cells from three major tissues i) nerve cells and the mechanisms of generation and propagation of the action potential, ii) skeletal, cardiac and smooth muscle cells and mechanisms controlling contraction and finally iii) blood cells and O2 transport, immune response, coagulation and cell signaling pathways. No more than four credits may be counted toward the major in biology. Taught at the University of St. Andrews in Scotland with final grade assigned by W&L biology faculty. Laboratory course. Staff.
  

  • BIOL 215 - Biochemistry of the Cell


    Credits: 4
    Planned Offering: Winter

    Prerequisites: BIOL 111 and 113 and CHEM 241 or 241S. Not open to students with credit for CHEM 341 (Biochemistry). A study of the molecular basis of cell structure and function. Topics include biomolecular structure and chemistry, enzyme kinetics and inhibition, bioenergetics, intermediary metabolism and its regulation, membrane structure and transport, membrane receptors and signal transduction, and the endomembrane system. The laboratory stresses techniques for use in current biochemical research. Laboratory course. Whitworth.
  

  • BIOL 215S - Biochemistry at St. Andrews


    Credits: 6
    Planned Offering: Winter

    Prerequisites: CHEM 241 or 241S, an average grade of at least 3.0 in BIOL 111 and 113, a 3.000 cumulative GPA, and permission of the Department of Biology. This course may not be taken for credit by students who have completed CHEM 341. This course gives a solid background in mainstream biochemistry to students from a variety of backgrounds. The laboratory focuses on a variety of basic techniques and on experimental design. No more than four credits may be counted toward the majors in biology or neuroscience. Taught at the University of St. Andrews in Scotland with final grade assigned by W&L biology faculty. Laboratory course. Staff.
  

  • BIOL 216 - Tropical Ecology


    Credits: 4
    Planned Offering: Spring, when departmental resources permit.

    Prerequisites: BIOL 111 and 113, instructor consent, and approval of the International Education Committee. Course participants visit sites of biological interest in the neotropics. The specific sites vary from year to year, but may include rain forest, high altitude forest, and/or the Galapagos Islands. Students gain firsthand experience with plant and animal communities that have distinctive scientific and historical importance, while learning about ecological and evolutionary processes responsible for patterns of biological diversity in the tropics. Laboratory course. Staff.
  

  • BIOL 217 - Aquatic Ecology


    Credits: 4
    Planned Offering: Fall 2013 and alternate years

    Prerequisite: BIOL 111 and 113; MATH 101 or higher; or instructor consent. This course provides a comprehensive introduction to the ecology of freshwater systems, with laboratory emphasis on streams and rivers in the local area. It includes a review of the physical and biological properties of freshwater ecosystems as well as current issues relating to their conservation. Laboratory activities focus around monitoring the impacts of current stream restoration efforts in local watersheds. Humston.
  

  • BIOL 220 - Genetics


    FDR: SL: BIOL 221 is a corequisite for students seeking laboratory science credits
    Credits: 3
    Planned Offering: Fall

    Prerequisites: BIOL 111 and 113, and sophomore or junior standing. A study of the three main branches of modern genetics: 1) Mendelian genetics, the study of the transmission of traits from one generation to the next; 2) molecular genetics, a study of the chemical structure of genes and how they operate at the molecular level; and 3) population genetics, the study of the variation of genes between and within populations. This course is a prerequisite to most 300-level courses in biology. Ayoub, Cabe.
  

  • BIOL 221 - Genetics Laboratory


    FDR: SL: see note above in BIOL 220
    Credits: 1
    Planned Offering: Fall

    Prerequisite: BIOL 111 and 113, and sophomore or junior standing. Corequisite: BIOL 220. Techniques in modern molecular genetics. Ayoub, Cabe.
  

  • BIOL 223 - Virology


    Credits: 3
    Planned Offering: Fall or Winter of 2012-2013 and alternate years

    Prerequisite: BIOL 211 or 220. A study of those obligate intracellular parasites known as viruses, that infect both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, including viral structure, mode of infection and replication, regulation of viral life cycle. Discussions include viral diseases in humans. Simurda.
  

  • BIOL 225 - Medicinal Plant Biology


    Credits: 4
    Planned Offering: Winter 2011 and alternate years

    Prerequisites: BIOL 111 and 113 or instructor consent. From Taxol to Vitamin C plants provide important medicinal products for humans. This course is an introduction to the study of plant form and function from the perspective of the utilization of plants by humans for medicinal purposes. Lectures cover plant cell biology, biochemistry, physiology, genetics, and interactions with the environment. The laboratory includes modern plant biology techniques ranging from molecular to organismal. Laboratory course. Hamilton.
  

  • BIOL 230 - Field Biogeography and Species Conservation


    FDR: SL
    Credits: 4
    Planned Offering: Spring, when departmental resources permit

    Prerequisites: BIOL 111 and 113 or instructor consent. Corequisite: English 294. This course emphasizes the patterns of diversity encountered during visits to different regional plant communities where we use professional floristic works to identify vascular plants. In addition, evolutionary and ecological explanations for patterns of distribution and extinction, and the lessons these teach for conservation, are explored. (SL) Laboratory course. Staff.
  

  • BIOL 231 - Field Entomology


    FDR: SC
    Credits: 4
    Planned Offering: Spring, when departmental resources permit

    Prerequisites: BIOL 111 and 113. A study of the diversity, classification and ecology of insects. This course consists primarily of fieldwork in Virginia (first four weeks) and Central America (last two weeks). Students become familiar with the major insect groups, make a synoptic collection, and compare diversity between temperate Virginia and tropical Central America. No other course may be taken concurrently. Laboratory course. Hurd.
  

  • BIOL 235 - Plant Diversity


    FDR: SC
    Credits: 4
    Planned Offering: Offered when interest is expressed and faculty resources permit

    Prerequisites: BIOL 111 and 113. An examination of the major groups of algae, fungi, bryophytes, and vascular plants of the world. In the laboratory, students will collect and study representatives of these groups from our local environment. Laboratory course. Staff.
  

  • BIOL 240 - Zoology


    FDR: SC
    Credits: 4
    Planned Offering: Winter

    Prerequisites: BIOL 111 and 113. Form and function of animals with emphasis on evolution and ecology of major invertebrate and vertebrate groups. Laboratory course. Hurd.
  

  • BIOL 240S - Zoology at St. Andrews


    FDR: SC
    Credits: 6
    Planned Offering: Fall.

    Prerequisites: An average grade of at least 3.0 in BIOL 111 and 113, a 3.000 cumulative GPA, and permission of the Department of Biology. A study of zoology with emphasis on the evolution of diversity through adaptive radiation and strategies for existence among the major animal groups, from simplest to most complex forms. No more than four credits may be counted toward the major in biology. Taught at the University of St. Andrews in Scotland with final grade assigned by W&L biology faculty. Laboratory course. Staff.
  

  • BIOL 241 - Field Ornithology


    Credits: 4
    Planned Offering: Spring 2013 and alternate years

    Prerequisites: BIOL 111 and 113. This course integrates studies of bird biology with field observation and identification of local bird species. Topics covered include anatomy, taxonomy, reproduction, vocalization, migration, ecology, and evolution. Field trips to a variety of areas throughout Virginia emphasize identification skills and basic field research techniques. No other course may be taken concurrently. Laboratory course. Cabe.
  

  • BIOL 242 - Field Herpetology


    Credits: 4
    Planned Offering: Spring

    Prerequisite: Instructor consent and either BIOL 111 or ENV 110 Field Herpetology is a research-based course on the ecology and behavior of amphibians and reptiles. Research projects vary from year-to-year and are designed to give students plenty of time on the field and exposure to a diverse assortment of amphibian and reptile species. Students should be prepared for hiking off-trail, wading in swamps, and catching live animals. Marsh.
  

  • BIOL 243 - Animal Behavior


    Credits: 4
    Planned Offering: Fall

    Prerequisites: BIOL 111 and 113. An introduction to the scientific study of animal behavior, including exploration of the evolutionary basis of behavior and examination of how animals choose mates, defend territories, find food, and avoid predators. Field and laboratory exercises focus on testing hypotheses through experiments with a variety of animals, including fish, amphibians, birds, and humans. Laboratory course. Marsh.
  

  • BIOL 245 - Ecology


    Credits: 4
    Planned Offering: Fall

    Prerequisites: BIOL 111 and 113. An introduction to the study of interactions between organisms and their environments. Topics are arranged hierarchically: a) evolution and elementary population genetics; b) population dynamics and regulation; c) interspecific competition, predation, parasitism and symbiosis; d) community structure, energy and material flux in ecosystems. Laboratory is field oriented and investigative. Laboratory course. Hurd.
  

  • BIOL 246 - Biological Diversity: Patterns and Processes


    FDR: SC
    Credits: 3
    Planned Offering: Offered when interest if expressed and faculty resources permit.

    Prerequisites: BIOL 111 and 113 or instructor consent. How are plants and animals distributed on Earth, and how do important biogeographical patterns reflect ecological and evolutionary processes? The answers to these questions are crucial to conservation efforts and to predicting changes in “biodiversity” during a time of unprecedented, rapid global environmental change. Hurd, Staff.
  

  • BIOL 250 - Vertebrate Endocrinology


    Credits: 3
    Planned Offering: Winter

    Prerequisites: BIOL 111 and 113. A study of the chemoregulatory mechanisms of the vertebrates; emphasis is on biochemical and cellular, as well as physiological aspects of hormone action. Blythe.
  

  • BIOL 255 - Reproductive Physiology


    Credits: 3
    Planned Offering: Fall

    Prerequisites: BIOL 111 and 113. An examination of sex as a biological phenomenon with consideration of the genetic (chromosomal), embryological, endocrine, and neurological bases of sexual development, differentiation, and identity. Staff.
  

  • BIOL 260 - Anatomy and Physiology


    Credits: 4
    Planned Offering: Fall

    Prerequisites: BIOL 111 and 113 and instructor consent. An introduction to the structure, function, and homeostasis of the major organ systems of humans. Laboratory exercises include basic histology, dissection of the cat with comparisons to human anatomy, and physiology of the cardiovascular, respiratory, and urinary systems. Laboratory course. Blythe.
  

  • BIOL 260S - Human Systems Physiology at St. Andrews


    Credits: 6
    Prerequisites: An average grade of at least 3.0 in BIOL 111 and 113, a 3.000 cumulative grade-point average, and permission of the Department of Biology. An introduction to the control and regulation of important physiological processes in humans. Emphasis is placed on how the structure and function of cells, tissues, organs and organ systems are interrelated and how this integration of function is required for human survival. Changes associated with disease are discussed in the context of control systems that no longer operate as intended. No more than four credits may be counted toward the major in biology. Taught at the University of St. Andrews in Scotland with final grade assigned by W&L biology faculty. Laboratory course. Staff.
  

  • BIOL 265 - Integrative Science Topic


    (ENGN 265)
    Credits: 4
    Planned Offering: Offered when interest is expressed and departmental resources permit.

    Prerequisite: BIOL 111 or PHYS 112. This course integrates biology, physics, engineering and mathematical modeling through the study of the cardiovascular system and cardiovascular disease. A variety of cardiovascular disease states are used to reinforce basic mechanical and electrical principles of cardiovascular physiology. Treatments using these physiological and/or engineering principles are also considered, such as cardiovascular drugs and drug delivery systems, heart and blood vessel transplantation, defibrillators and heart monitors, etc. Laboratories provide an opportunity to investigate fluid dynamics, cardiovascular monitoring using physiological transducers, computer heart/vessel modeling software, diagnostic imaging (ultrasound/MRI), etc. Speakers and site visits highlight cardiovascular medicine (clinical and/or veterinary), epidemiology, FDA medical device approval and testing, vascular stent design, etc., to provide a wider relevance to our discussions. Laboratory course. I’Anson.
  

  • BIOL 267 - Bioengineering and Bioinspired Design


    ENGN 267 FDR: SC
    Credits: 3
    Planned Offering: Fall

    Prerequisite: PHYS-112 or instructor consent. Interdisciplinary study of the physical principles of animal navigation and sensory mechanisms. This course integrates biology, physics, engineering, and quantitative methods to study how an animal’s physiology is optimized to perform a critical function, as well as how these biological systems inspire new technologies. Topics include: long-distance navigation; locomotion; optical, thermal, and auditory sensing; bioelectricity; biomaterials; and swarm synchronicity. Some examples of questions addressed are: How does a loggerhead turtle navigate during a 9,000 mile open-ocean swim to return to the beach where it was born? How does a blowfly hover and outmaneuver an F-16? How is the mantis shrimp eye guiding the next revolution in DVD technology? This course is intended for students interested in working on problems at the boundary of biology and physics/engineering, and is appropriate for those who have more experience in one field than the other. Lectures, reading and discussion of research literature, and hands-on investigation/field-work, where appropriate. Erickson.
  

  • BIOL 270S - Comparative Biology at St. Andrews


    Credits: 6
    Planned Offering: Winter

    Prerequisites: An average grade of at least 3.0 in BIOL 111 and 113, a 3.000 cumulative GPA, and permission of the Department of Biology. An examination of the comparative biology of animals and plants, focusing on the problems encountered by organisms in different habitats and with different lifestyles, and of the different structural, physiological and ecological solutions they have evolved. An analysis of fundamental design differences between plants and animals, between organisms of different sizes and biophysical effects of scaling, and between the stresses of aquatic and terrestrial lifestyles. Integration of ecology, physiology and behavior is a major theme. No more than four credits may be counted toward the major in biology. Taught at the University of St. Andrews in Scotland with final grade assigned by W&L biology faculty. Laboratory course. Staff.
  

  • BIOL 274 - Structural Biology


    Credits: 4
    Planned Offering: No scheduled years.

    Prerequisite: BIOL 111 and 113, MATH 102 (or equivalent), and CHEM 112 or instructor consent. This course covers: (a) the fundamental concepts of structural biology (chemical building blocks, structure, superstructure, folding. etc.); (b) software for visualization, visualization styles, publication quality images; (c) the hierarchical nature of biomacromolecular structure classification; (d) computational methods to evaluate and compare biomacromolecular structure; (e) inferring structure/function relationships from structure; and (f) computational prediction of protein structure from sequence. Laboratory course. Staff.
 

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